Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion into Solar Fuels Using Carbon-Based Materials—A Review
Carbon materials with elusive 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures and high surface area provide certain emerging applications in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2 utilization. Since carbon possesses high electrical conductivity, it expels the photogenerated electrons from the catalytic surface a...
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| Published in | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 14; p. 5383 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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13.07.2023
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| Abstract | Carbon materials with elusive 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures and high surface area provide certain emerging applications in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2 utilization. Since carbon possesses high electrical conductivity, it expels the photogenerated electrons from the catalytic surface and can tune the photocatalytic activity in the visible-light region. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of pristine carbon is comparatively low due to the high recombination of photogenerated carriers. Thus, supporting carbon materials, such as graphene, CNTs (Carbon nanotubes), g-C3N4, MWCNs (Multiwall carbon nanotubes), conducting polymers, and its other simpler forms like activated carbon, nanofibers, nanosheets, and nanoparticles, are usually combined with other metal and non-metal nanocomposites to increase the CO2 absorption and conversion. In addition, carbon-based materials with transition metals and organometallic complexes are also commonly used as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. This review focuses on developing efficient carbon-based nanomaterials for the photoconversion of CO2 into solar fuels. It is concluded that MWCNs are one of the most used materials as supporting materials for CO2 reduction. Due to the multi-layered morphology, multiple reflections will occur within the layers, thus enhancing light harvesting. In particular, stacked nanostructured hollow sphere morphologies can also help the metal doping from corroding. |
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| AbstractList | Carbon materials with elusive 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures and high surface area provide certain emerging applications in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2 utilization. Since carbon possesses high electrical conductivity, it expels the photogenerated electrons from the catalytic surface and can tune the photocatalytic activity in the visible-light region. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of pristine carbon is comparatively low due to the high recombination of photogenerated carriers. Thus, supporting carbon materials, such as graphene, CNTs (Carbon nanotubes), g-C3N4, MWCNs (Multiwall carbon nanotubes), conducting polymers, and its other simpler forms like activated carbon, nanofibers, nanosheets, and nanoparticles, are usually combined with other metal and non-metal nanocomposites to increase the CO2 absorption and conversion. In addition, carbon-based materials with transition metals and organometallic complexes are also commonly used as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. This review focuses on developing efficient carbon-based nanomaterials for the photoconversion of CO2 into solar fuels. It is concluded that MWCNs are one of the most used materials as supporting materials for CO2 reduction. Due to the multi-layered morphology, multiple reflections will occur within the layers, thus enhancing light harvesting. In particular, stacked nanostructured hollow sphere morphologies can also help the metal doping from corroding. Carbon materials with elusive 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures and high surface area provide certain emerging applications in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO 2 utilization. Since carbon possesses high electrical conductivity, it expels the photogenerated electrons from the catalytic surface and can tune the photocatalytic activity in the visible-light region. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of pristine carbon is comparatively low due to the high recombination of photogenerated carriers. Thus, supporting carbon materials, such as graphene, CNTs (Carbon nanotubes), g-C 3 N 4 , MWCNs (Multiwall carbon nanotubes), conducting polymers, and its other simpler forms like activated carbon, nanofibers, nanosheets, and nanoparticles, are usually combined with other metal and non-metal nanocomposites to increase the CO 2 absorption and conversion. In addition, carbon-based materials with transition metals and organometallic complexes are also commonly used as photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. This review focuses on developing efficient carbon-based nanomaterials for the photoconversion of CO 2 into solar fuels. It is concluded that MWCNs are one of the most used materials as supporting materials for CO 2 reduction. Due to the multi-layered morphology, multiple reflections will occur within the layers, thus enhancing light harvesting. In particular, stacked nanostructured hollow sphere morphologies can also help the metal doping from corroding. |
| Author | Anandan, Sambandam Sundar, Dhivya Liu, Cheng-Hua Wu, Jerry J. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; dhivyasundar9896@gmail.com (D.S.); chhengliu@fcu.edu.tw (C.-H.L.) 2 Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620015, India; sanand99@yahoo.com |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; dhivyasundar9896@gmail.com (D.S.); chhengliu@fcu.edu.tw (C.-H.L.) – name: 2 Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620015, India; sanand99@yahoo.com |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dhivya surname: Sundar fullname: Sundar, Dhivya – sequence: 2 givenname: Cheng-Hua orcidid: 0000-0001-5864-8107 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Cheng-Hua – sequence: 3 givenname: Sambandam orcidid: 0000-0002-3996-4910 surname: Anandan fullname: Anandan, Sambandam – sequence: 4 givenname: Jerry J. orcidid: 0000-0001-6702-8188 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Jerry J. |
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| SubjectTerms | Carbon carbon materials Climate change derived chemical fuels Efficiency Emission standards Emissions Energy storage Fossil fuels Gases Graphene Light Nanoparticles Natural gas Natural gas reserves Photocatalysis photocatalytic CO2 reduction Quantum dots Review Z-scheme heterojunction |
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| Title | Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion into Solar Fuels Using Carbon-Based Materials—A Review |
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