A Neural Circuit for Spirituality and Religiosity Derived From Patients With Brain Lesions
Over 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved. In two independent brain lesion datasets (N1 = 88; N2 = 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesio...
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| Published in | Biological psychiatry (1969) Vol. 91; no. 4; pp. 380 - 388 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
15.02.2022
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| Abstract | Over 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved.
In two independent brain lesion datasets (N1 = 88; N2 = 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesion locations associated with spiritual and religious belief map to a specific human brain circuit.
We found that brain lesions associated with self-reported spirituality map to a brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray. Intersection of lesion locations with this same circuit aligned with self-reported religiosity in an independent dataset and previous reports of lesions associated with hyper-religiosity. Lesion locations causing delusions and alien limb syndrome also intersected this circuit.
These findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity map to a common brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray, a brainstem region previously implicated in fear conditioning, pain modulation, and altruistic behavior. |
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| AbstractList | BACKGROUNDOver 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved. METHODSIn two independent brain lesion datasets (N1 = 88; N2 = 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesion locations associated with spiritual and religious belief map to a specific human brain circuit. RESULTSWe found that brain lesions associated with self-reported spirituality map to a brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray. Intersection of lesion locations with this same circuit aligned with self-reported religiosity in an independent dataset and previous reports of lesions associated with hyper-religiosity. Lesion locations causing delusions and alien limb syndrome also intersected this circuit. CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity map to a common brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray, a brainstem region previously implicated in fear conditioning, pain modulation, and altruistic behavior. Over 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved. In two independent brain lesion datasets (N = 88; N = 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesion locations associated with spiritual and religious belief map to a specific human brain circuit. We found that brain lesions associated with self-reported spirituality map to a brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray. Intersection of lesion locations with this same circuit aligned with self-reported religiosity in an independent dataset and previous reports of lesions associated with hyper-religiosity. Lesion locations causing delusions and alien limb syndrome also intersected this circuit. These findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity map to a common brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray, a brainstem region previously implicated in fear conditioning, pain modulation, and altruistic behavior. Over 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved. In two independent brain lesion datasets (N1 = 88; N2 = 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesion locations associated with spiritual and religious belief map to a specific human brain circuit. We found that brain lesions associated with self-reported spirituality map to a brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray. Intersection of lesion locations with this same circuit aligned with self-reported religiosity in an independent dataset and previous reports of lesions associated with hyper-religiosity. Lesion locations causing delusions and alien limb syndrome also intersected this circuit. These findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity map to a common brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray, a brainstem region previously implicated in fear conditioning, pain modulation, and altruistic behavior. |
| Author | Schaper, Frederic L.W.V.J. Siddiqi, Shan Nielsen, Jared A. Grafman, Jordan Merrill, Sarah M. Fox, Michael D. Fabbro, Franco Urgesi, Cosimo Cohen, Alexander Ferguson, Michael A. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 12 Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 1 Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA 8 Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA 3 Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands 10 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA 11 Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy 6 Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 13 Athinoula A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospita |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 7 Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada – name: 6 Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 13 Athinoula A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 14 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 9 Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Think + Speak Lab, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, Illinois, USA – name: 2 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA – name: 4 Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 5 Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA – name: 12 Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 8 Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA – name: 3 Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands – name: 10 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA – name: 11 Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michael A. surname: Ferguson fullname: Ferguson, Michael A. email: mferguson7@bwh.harvard.edu organization: Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 2 givenname: Frederic L.W.V.J. orcidid: 0000-0001-5487-0923 surname: Schaper fullname: Schaper, Frederic L.W.V.J. organization: Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 3 givenname: Alexander orcidid: 0000-0001-6557-5866 surname: Cohen fullname: Cohen, Alexander organization: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 4 givenname: Shan surname: Siddiqi fullname: Siddiqi, Shan organization: Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 5 givenname: Sarah M. orcidid: 0000-0002-6939-5472 surname: Merrill fullname: Merrill, Sarah M. organization: Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada – sequence: 6 givenname: Jared A. orcidid: 0000-0002-2717-193X surname: Nielsen fullname: Nielsen, Jared A. organization: Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah – sequence: 7 givenname: Jordan orcidid: 0000-0001-8645-4457 surname: Grafman fullname: Grafman, Jordan organization: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 8 givenname: Cosimo surname: Urgesi fullname: Urgesi, Cosimo organization: Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy – sequence: 9 givenname: Franco surname: Fabbro fullname: Fabbro, Franco organization: Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy – sequence: 10 givenname: Michael D. surname: Fox fullname: Fox, Michael D. organization: Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts |
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| Keywords | Religion Hyper-religiosity Spirituality Periaqueductal gray Lesion network mapping Imaging |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 MAF and MDF conceptualized and designed the work. MAF, ALC, SS, MDF designed and developed methods. MAF, ALC, SS contributed programming, software development, and implementation of computer code. MAF performed validation and formal analysis. JG, CU, and FF conducted data collection. MAF, FLWVJS, SMM contributed to data curation. MAF prepared the original draft. MAF, FLWVJS, ALC, SS, SMM, JN, JG, CU, FF, MDF reviewed and edited. MAF visualized data and prepared data presentation. MDF supervised research planning and execution. MAF and MDF coordinated project administration. ALC and MDF acquired financial support for the project leading to this publication. Author contributions |
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| SubjectTerms | Brain Humans Hyper-religiosity Imaging Lesion network mapping Nervous System Diseases Pain Periaqueductal gray Religion Spirituality |
| Title | A Neural Circuit for Spirituality and Religiosity Derived From Patients With Brain Lesions |
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