Stimulus valence, episodic memory, and the priming of brain activation profiles in borderline personality disorder

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. 'Neuronal priming' indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may ca...

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Published inPsychological medicine Vol. 52; no. 16; pp. 4177 - 4187
Main Authors Szczepaniak, Morgan, Chowdury, Asadur, Soloff, Paul H., Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.12.2022
Subjects
Acknowledgment
Borderline personality disorder
Brain
Brain mapping
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Emotional regulation
Encoding
Episodic memory
Familiarity
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Memory
Mental task performance
Original Article
Personality
Personality disorders
Priming
Repetition
Research subjects
Stimulus
Toxicology
Episodic Memory
Repetition Priming
Borderline Personality Disorder
Negative Valence
Positive Valence
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. 'Neuronal priming' indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may capture the obligatory effects of affective valence on the brain's processing system, and how such valence mediates responses to the repeated presentation of stimuli. We investigated the effects of affective valence of stimuli on neuronal priming (i.e. changes in activation to repeated presentation of stimuli), and if these effects distinguished BPD patients from controls. Forty BPD subjects and 25 control subjects (age range: 18-44) participated in an episodic memory task during fMRI. Stimuli were presented in alternating epochs of encoding (six images of positive, negative, and neutral valence) and recognition (six images for 'old' v. 'new' recognition). Analyses focused on inter-group differences in the change in activation to repeated stimuli (presented during Encoding and Recognition). Relative to controls, BPD showed greater priming (generally greater decrease from encoding to recognition) for negatively valenced stimuli. Conversely, BPD showed less priming for positively valenced stimuli (generally greater increase from encoding to recognition). Plausibly, the relative familiarity of negative valence to patients with BPD exerts an influence on obligatory responses to repeated stimuli leading to repetition priming of neuronal profiles. The specific effects of valence on memory and/or attention, and consequently on priming can inform the understanding of mechanisms of altered salience for affective stimuli in BPD.
AbstractList BackgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. ‘Neuronal priming’ indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may capture the obligatory effects of affective valence on the brain's processing system, and how such valence mediates responses to the repeated presentation of stimuli. We investigated the effects of affective valence of stimuli on neuronal priming (i.e. changes in activation to repeated presentation of stimuli), and if these effects distinguished BPD patients from controls.MethodsForty BPD subjects and 25 control subjects (age range: 18–44) participated in an episodic memory task during fMRI. Stimuli were presented in alternating epochs of encoding (six images of positive, negative, and neutral valence) and recognition (six images for ‘old’ v. ‘new’ recognition). Analyses focused on inter-group differences in the change in activation to repeated stimuli (presented during Encoding and Recognition).ResultsRelative to controls, BPD showed greater priming (generally greater decrease from encoding to recognition) for negatively valenced stimuli. Conversely, BPD showed less priming for positively valenced stimuli (generally greater increase from encoding to recognition).ConclusionPlausibly, the relative familiarity of negative valence to patients with BPD exerts an influence on obligatory responses to repeated stimuli leading to repetition priming of neuronal profiles. The specific effects of valence on memory and/or attention, and consequently on priming can inform the understanding of mechanisms of altered salience for affective stimuli in BPD.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. 'Neuronal priming' indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may capture the obligatory effects of affective valence on the brain's processing system, and how such valence mediates responses to the repeated presentation of stimuli. We investigated the effects of affective valence of stimuli on neuronal priming (i.e. changes in activation to repeated presentation of stimuli), and if these effects distinguished BPD patients from controls. Forty BPD subjects and 25 control subjects (age range: 18-44) participated in an episodic memory task during fMRI. Stimuli were presented in alternating epochs of encoding (six images of positive, negative, and neutral valence) and recognition (six images for 'old' v. 'new' recognition). Analyses focused on inter-group differences in the change in activation to repeated stimuli (presented during Encoding and Recognition). Relative to controls, BPD showed greater priming (generally greater decrease from encoding to recognition) for negatively valenced stimuli. Conversely, BPD showed less priming for positively valenced stimuli (generally greater increase from encoding to recognition). Plausibly, the relative familiarity of negative valence to patients with BPD exerts an influence on obligatory responses to repeated stimuli leading to repetition priming of neuronal profiles. The specific effects of valence on memory and/or attention, and consequently on priming can inform the understanding of mechanisms of altered salience for affective stimuli in BPD.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. 'Neuronal priming' indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may capture the obligatory effects of affective valence on the brain's processing system, and how such valence mediates responses to the repeated presentation of stimuli. We investigated the effects of affective valence of stimuli on neuronal priming (i.e. changes in activation to repeated presentation of stimuli), and if these effects distinguished BPD patients from controls.BACKGROUNDBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be neuronal responses to emotionally valenced context and/or stimuli. 'Neuronal priming' indexes the familiarity of stimuli, and may capture the obligatory effects of affective valence on the brain's processing system, and how such valence mediates responses to the repeated presentation of stimuli. We investigated the effects of affective valence of stimuli on neuronal priming (i.e. changes in activation to repeated presentation of stimuli), and if these effects distinguished BPD patients from controls.Forty BPD subjects and 25 control subjects (age range: 18-44) participated in an episodic memory task during fMRI. Stimuli were presented in alternating epochs of encoding (six images of positive, negative, and neutral valence) and recognition (six images for 'old' v. 'new' recognition). Analyses focused on inter-group differences in the change in activation to repeated stimuli (presented during Encoding and Recognition).METHODSForty BPD subjects and 25 control subjects (age range: 18-44) participated in an episodic memory task during fMRI. Stimuli were presented in alternating epochs of encoding (six images of positive, negative, and neutral valence) and recognition (six images for 'old' v. 'new' recognition). Analyses focused on inter-group differences in the change in activation to repeated stimuli (presented during Encoding and Recognition).Relative to controls, BPD showed greater priming (generally greater decrease from encoding to recognition) for negatively valenced stimuli. Conversely, BPD showed less priming for positively valenced stimuli (generally greater increase from encoding to recognition).RESULTSRelative to controls, BPD showed greater priming (generally greater decrease from encoding to recognition) for negatively valenced stimuli. Conversely, BPD showed less priming for positively valenced stimuli (generally greater increase from encoding to recognition).Plausibly, the relative familiarity of negative valence to patients with BPD exerts an influence on obligatory responses to repeated stimuli leading to repetition priming of neuronal profiles. The specific effects of valence on memory and/or attention, and consequently on priming can inform the understanding of mechanisms of altered salience for affective stimuli in BPD.CONCLUSIONPlausibly, the relative familiarity of negative valence to patients with BPD exerts an influence on obligatory responses to repeated stimuli leading to repetition priming of neuronal profiles. The specific effects of valence on memory and/or attention, and consequently on priming can inform the understanding of mechanisms of altered salience for affective stimuli in BPD.
Author Chowdury, Asadur
Soloff, Paul H.
Szczepaniak, Morgan
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858552$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1515_revneuro_2022_0014
crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci14121221
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Keywords Episodic Memory
Repetition Priming
Borderline Personality Disorder
Negative Valence
Positive Valence
Language English
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2003; 13
2011; 11
2019; 124
2018; 41
2003; 19
2014; 171
2001; 107
1996; 35
2016; 37
2016; 142
2016; 79
2005; 25
2018; 175
2012; 72
2017; 31
2019; 20
1997; 185
2011; 71
2006; 29
2003; 4
2016; 40
1999; 10
2016; 81
2017a; 260
2018; 31
2007; 27
1989; 3
2018; 262
2001; 124
2019; 4
2017; 25
2020; 143
2007; 164
2014; 47
2020; 33
2020; 32
2012; 36
1998; 20
2008; 164
2012; 32
2012; 109
2012; 50
2012; 199
2013; 33
2020; 30
2009; 71
2015; 233
2017; 12
2016; 1632
2020; 69
2014; 35
2018; 51
2012; 6
2016; 28
2018; 55
1994; 51
2016; 371
2019; 252
2009; 39
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Snippet Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control. Triggers may be...
BackgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in affective regulation that can result in a loss of cognitive control....
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SubjectTerms Acknowledgment
Borderline personality disorder
Brain
Brain mapping
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Emotional regulation
Encoding
Episodic memory
Familiarity
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Memory
Mental task performance
Original Article
Personality
Personality disorders
Priming
Repetition
Research subjects
Stimulus
Toxicology
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Title Stimulus valence, episodic memory, and the priming of brain activation profiles in borderline personality disorder
URI https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033291721001136/type/journal_article
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858552
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9275123
Volume 52
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