Novel Ring Structure in the gp41 Trimer of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 That Modulates Sensitivity and Resistance to Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
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Published in | Journal of Virology Vol. 83; no. 15; pp. 7728 - 7738 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
01.08.2009
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AbstractList | The identification of the determinants of sensitivity and resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies is a high priority for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research. An analysis of the swarm of closely related envelope protein variants in an HIV-infected individual revealed a mutation that markedly affected sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies and antiviral entry inhibitors targeting both gp41 and gp120. This mutation mapped to the C34 helix of gp41 and disrupted an unexplored structural feature consisting of a ring of hydrogen bonds in the gp41 trimer. This mutation appeared to affect the assembly of the six-helix bundle required for virus fusion and to alter the conformational equilibria so as to favor the prehairpin intermediate conformation required for the binding of the membrane proximal external region-specific neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 and the antiviral drug enfuvirtide (Fuzeon). The QUOTATION_MARKswarm analysisQUOTATION_MARK method we describe furthers our understanding of the relationships among the structure, function, and antigenicity of the HIV envelope protein and represents a new approach to the identification of vaccine antigens. The identification of the determinants of sensitivity and resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies is a high priority for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research. An analysis of the swarm of closely related envelope protein variants in an HIV-infected individual revealed a mutation that markedly affected sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies and antiviral entry inhibitors targeting both gp41 and gp120. This mutation mapped to the C34 helix of gp41 and disrupted an unexplored structural feature consisting of a ring of hydrogen bonds in the gp41 trimer. This mutation appeared to affect the assembly of the six-helix bundle required for virus fusion and to alter the conformational equilibria so as to favor the prehairpin intermediate conformation required for the binding of the membrane proximal external region-specific neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 and the antiviral drug enfuvirtide (Fuzeon). The "swarm analysis" method we describe furthers our understanding of the relationships among the structure, function, and antigenicity of the HIV envelope protein and represents a new approach to the identification of vaccine antigens. Article Usage Stats Services JVI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue JVI About JVI Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JVI RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0022-538X Online ISSN: 1098-5514 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JVI .asm.org, visit: JVI |
Author | Faruk Sinangil Becky Schweighardt Phillip W. Berman Terri Wrin William G. Scott Sara M. O'Rourke Dora P. A. J. Fonseca |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, 1 Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, 3 Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California 94080 4 |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, 1 Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, 3 Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California 94080 4 |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sara M surname: O'ROURKE fullname: O'ROURKE, Sara M organization: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Becky surname: SCHWEIGHARDT fullname: SCHWEIGHARDT, Becky organization: Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: William G surname: SCOTT fullname: SCOTT, William G organization: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, Califomia 95064, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Terri surname: WRIN fullname: WRIN, Terri organization: Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Dora P. A. J surname: FONSECA fullname: FONSECA, Dora P. A. J organization: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Faruk surname: SINANGIL fullname: SINANGIL, Faruk organization: Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Phillip W surname: BERMAN fullname: BERMAN, Phillip W organization: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States |
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Keywords | Immunopathology HIV-1 virus Retroviridae AIDS Immune deficiency Lentivirus Neutralizing antibody Virology Infection Virus Sensitivity resistance Viral disease Human immunodeficiency virus |
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SubjectTerms | Amino Acid Sequence Antibodies, Viral - immunology Biological and medical sciences Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology HIV Envelope Protein gp41 - chemistry HIV Envelope Protein gp41 - genetics HIV Envelope Protein gp41 - immunology HIV Infections - immunology HIV Infections - virology HIV-1 - chemistry HIV-1 - genetics HIV-1 - immunology Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Humans Microbiology Miscellaneous Molecular Conformation Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Neutralization Tests Pathogenesis and Immunity Protein Conformation Virology |
Title | Novel Ring Structure in the gp41 Trimer of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 That Modulates Sensitivity and Resistance to Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies |
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