Body weight loss and glycemic control on the outcomes of patients with NAFLD. The role of new antidiabetic agents

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide affecting a third of adults and 12% of children in Western countries. In around 50–60%% of cases, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) coexist and act synergistically to increase the r...

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Published inAnnals of hepatology Vol. 28; no. 4; p. 100751
Main Authors García-Compeán, Diego, Kumar, Ramesh, Cueto-Aguilera, Ángel Noe del, Maldonado-Garza, Héctor Jesús, Villarreal-Pérez, Jesús Zacarías
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Mexico Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.07.2023
Elsevier
Subjects
GLP-1R agonists
Glycemic control
Insulin resistance
NASH
SGLT2 inhibitors
Glycemic control
FFA
NAS
FLI
NAFLD
DNL
DPP-4
LFC
HCC
IR
HS
NASH
BET
BS
HOMA-IR
CAP
LDL
Insulin resistance
OGTT
GLP-1R agonists
HbA1c
SGLT2 inhibitors
BMI
GLP-1R
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Abstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide affecting a third of adults and 12% of children in Western countries. In around 50–60%% of cases, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) coexist and act synergistically to increase the risk of adverse hepatic and extra-hepatic outcomes. T2DM is a strong risk factor for rapid progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which have become frequent indications of liver transplantation. The pathophysiology of NAFLD is complex and its relationship with T2DM is bidirectional, where lipotoxicity and insulin resistance (IR), act as the strongest pillars. To date, no pharmacological treatment has been approved for NAFLD. However, there is an intense research with numerous drugs focused on reversing inflammation and liver fibrosis through modulation of molecular targets without good results. It has been known for some time that weight reduction >10% is associated to histological improvement of NAFLD. Recently, glycemic control has been shown to induce similar results. Diet and physical exercise for weight reduction have limitations, so alternative methods (pharmacologic, endoscopic or surgical) may be required. Currently, new antidiabetic drugs inducing weight loss, have been recently approved for the treatment of obesity. Nevertheless, their therapeutic effects on NAFLD have not been extensively studied. We will review here, recently published data on the effects of weight loss and glycemic control on the histological and metabolic parameters of NAFLD and recent published data on therapeutic studies of NAFLD with new antidiabetic drugs.
AbstractList Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide affecting a third of adults and 12% of children in Western countries. In around 50-60%% of cases, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) coexist and act synergistically to increase the risk of adverse hepatic and extra-hepatic outcomes. T2DM is a strong risk factor for rapid progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which have become frequent indications of liver transplantation. The pathophysiology of NAFLD is complex and its relationship with T2DM is bidirectional, where lipotoxicity and insulin resistance (IR), act as the strongest pillars. To date, no pharmacological treatment has been approved for NAFLD. However, there is an intense research with numerous drugs focused on reversing inflammation and liver fibrosis through modulation of molecular targets without good results. It has been known for some time that weight reduction >10% is associated to histological improvement of NAFLD. Recently, glycemic control has been shown to induce similar results. Diet and physical exercise for weight reduction have limitations, so alternative methods (pharmacologic, endoscopic or surgical) may be required. Currently, new antidiabetic drugs inducing weight loss, have been recently approved for the treatment of obesity. Nevertheless, their therapeutic effects on NAFLD have not been extensively studied. We will review here, recently published data on the effects of weight loss and glycemic control on the histological and metabolic parameters of NAFLD and recent published data on therapeutic studies of NAFLD with new antidiabetic drugs.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide affecting a third of adults and 12% of children in Western countries. In around 50–60%% of cases, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) coexist and act synergistically to increase the risk of adverse hepatic and extra-hepatic outcomes. T2DM is a strong risk factor for rapid progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which have become frequent indications of liver transplantation. The pathophysiology of NAFLD is complex and its relationship with T2DM is bidirectional, where lipotoxicity and insulin resistance (IR), act as the strongest pillars. To date, no pharmacological treatment has been approved for NAFLD. However, there is an intense research with numerous drugs focused on reversing inflammation and liver fibrosis through modulation of molecular targets without good results. It has been known for some time that weight reduction >10% is associated to histological improvement of NAFLD. Recently, glycemic control has been shown to induce similar results. Diet and physical exercise for weight reduction have limitations, so alternative methods (pharmacologic, endoscopic or surgical) may be required. Currently, new antidiabetic drugs inducing weight loss, have been recently approved for the treatment of obesity. Nevertheless, their therapeutic effects on NAFLD have not been extensively studied. We will review here, recently published data on the effects of weight loss and glycemic control on the histological and metabolic parameters of NAFLD and recent published data on therapeutic studies of NAFLD with new antidiabetic drugs.
ArticleNumber 100751
Author Villarreal-Pérez, Jesús Zacarías
Maldonado-Garza, Héctor Jesús
García-Compeán, Diego
Kumar, Ramesh
Cueto-Aguilera, Ángel Noe del
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  givenname: Ángel Noe del
  surname: Cueto-Aguilera
  fullname: Cueto-Aguilera, Ángel Noe del
  organization: Gastroenterology Service and Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo León, Mexico
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  givenname: Jesús Zacarías
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  organization: Endocrinology Service and Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital. Autonomous University of Nuevo León, México. Madero y Gonzalitos Colonia Mitras CP 64700 Monterrey Nuevo León, México., Monterrey 64700, Mexico
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Issue 4
Keywords Glycemic control
FFA
NAS
FLI
NAFLD
DNL
DPP-4
LFC
HCC
IR
HS
NASH
BET
BS
HOMA-IR
CAP
LDL
Insulin resistance
OGTT
GLP-1R agonists
HbA1c
SGLT2 inhibitors
BMI
GLP-1R
Language English
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Snippet Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide affecting a third of adults and 12% of children...
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SubjectTerms GLP-1R agonists
Glycemic control
Insulin resistance
NASH
SGLT2 inhibitors
Title Body weight loss and glycemic control on the outcomes of patients with NAFLD. The role of new antidiabetic agents
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100751
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36002119
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