Plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production: A review

Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Science of the total environment Vol. 877; p. 162719
Main Author Chang, Siu Hua
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.06.2023
Subjects
carbon
catalysts
Catalytic pyrolysis
circular economy
environment
feedstocks
heat
hydrogen
oils
particle size
Plastic oil
Plastic oil characteristics
Plastic waste
pollution
proximate composition
pyrolysis
Pyrolysis conditions
temperature
Thermal pyrolysis
value added
wastes
Thermal pyrolysis
Pyrolysis conditions
Plastic oil
Catalytic pyrolysis
Plastic oil characteristics
Plastic waste
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Abstract Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properties of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and heating value other than its abundant availability. Despite the exponential growth of scientific output from 2015 to 2022, a vast majority of the current review articles cover the pyrolysis of plastic waste into a series of fuels and value-added products, and up-to-date reviews exclusively on plastic oil production from pyrolysis are relatively scarce. In light of this void in the current review articles, this review attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production. A particular emphasis is placed on the common types of plastic as primary sources of plastic pollution, the characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, hydrogen/carbon ratio, heating value, and degradation temperature) of various plastic wastes and their potential as pyrolysis feedstock, and the pyrolysis systems (reactor type and heating method) and conditions (temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, particle size, reaction atmosphere, catalyst and its operation modes, and single and mixed plastic wastes) used in plastic waste pyrolysis for plastic oil production. The characteristics of plastic oil from pyrolysis in terms of physical properties and chemical composition are also outlined and discussed. The major challenges and future prospects for the large-scale production of plastic oil from pyrolysis are also addressed. [Display omitted] •LDPE, HDPE, PP, and PS are more promising than PVC and PET as pyrolysis feedstock.•Low to moderate temperature, heating rate, and residence time favor plastic oil.•Lower pressure, smaller particle size and reactive gas atmosphere favor plastic oil.•Catalysts usually promote better plastic oil quality but do not necessarily yield.•Plastic oil is fit for fossil fuel blending/replacement due to its good properties.
AbstractList Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properties of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and heating value other than its abundant availability. Despite the exponential growth of scientific output from 2015 to 2022, a vast majority of the current review articles cover the pyrolysis of plastic waste into a series of fuels and value-added products, and up-to-date reviews exclusively on plastic oil production from pyrolysis are relatively scarce. In light of this void in the current review articles, this review attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production. A particular emphasis is placed on the common types of plastic as primary sources of plastic pollution, the characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, hydrogen/carbon ratio, heating value, and degradation temperature) of various plastic wastes and their potential as pyrolysis feedstock, and the pyrolysis systems (reactor type and heating method) and conditions (temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, particle size, reaction atmosphere, catalyst and its operation modes, and single and mixed plastic wastes) used in plastic waste pyrolysis for plastic oil production. The characteristics of plastic oil from pyrolysis in terms of physical properties and chemical composition are also outlined and discussed. The major challenges and future prospects for the large-scale production of plastic oil from pyrolysis are also addressed.
Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properties of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and heating value other than its abundant availability. Despite the exponential growth of scientific output from 2015 to 2022, a vast majority of the current review articles cover the pyrolysis of plastic waste into a series of fuels and value-added products, and up-to-date reviews exclusively on plastic oil production from pyrolysis are relatively scarce. In light of this void in the current review articles, this review attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production. A particular emphasis is placed on the common types of plastic as primary sources of plastic pollution, the characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, hydrogen/carbon ratio, heating value, and degradation temperature) of various plastic wastes and their potential as pyrolysis feedstock, and the pyrolysis systems (reactor type and heating method) and conditions (temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, particle size, reaction atmosphere, catalyst and its operation modes, and single and mixed plastic wastes) used in plastic waste pyrolysis for plastic oil production. The characteristics of plastic oil from pyrolysis in terms of physical properties and chemical composition are also outlined and discussed. The major challenges and future prospects for the large-scale production of plastic oil from pyrolysis are also addressed.Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properties of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and heating value other than its abundant availability. Despite the exponential growth of scientific output from 2015 to 2022, a vast majority of the current review articles cover the pyrolysis of plastic waste into a series of fuels and value-added products, and up-to-date reviews exclusively on plastic oil production from pyrolysis are relatively scarce. In light of this void in the current review articles, this review attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production. A particular emphasis is placed on the common types of plastic as primary sources of plastic pollution, the characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, hydrogen/carbon ratio, heating value, and degradation temperature) of various plastic wastes and their potential as pyrolysis feedstock, and the pyrolysis systems (reactor type and heating method) and conditions (temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, particle size, reaction atmosphere, catalyst and its operation modes, and single and mixed plastic wastes) used in plastic waste pyrolysis for plastic oil production. The characteristics of plastic oil from pyrolysis in terms of physical properties and chemical composition are also outlined and discussed. The major challenges and future prospects for the large-scale production of plastic oil from pyrolysis are also addressed.
Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy of plastic materials. Plastic waste is an attractive pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production owing to its favorable chemical properties of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and heating value other than its abundant availability. Despite the exponential growth of scientific output from 2015 to 2022, a vast majority of the current review articles cover the pyrolysis of plastic waste into a series of fuels and value-added products, and up-to-date reviews exclusively on plastic oil production from pyrolysis are relatively scarce. In light of this void in the current review articles, this review attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production. A particular emphasis is placed on the common types of plastic as primary sources of plastic pollution, the characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, hydrogen/carbon ratio, heating value, and degradation temperature) of various plastic wastes and their potential as pyrolysis feedstock, and the pyrolysis systems (reactor type and heating method) and conditions (temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, particle size, reaction atmosphere, catalyst and its operation modes, and single and mixed plastic wastes) used in plastic waste pyrolysis for plastic oil production. The characteristics of plastic oil from pyrolysis in terms of physical properties and chemical composition are also outlined and discussed. The major challenges and future prospects for the large-scale production of plastic oil from pyrolysis are also addressed. [Display omitted] •LDPE, HDPE, PP, and PS are more promising than PVC and PET as pyrolysis feedstock.•Low to moderate temperature, heating rate, and residence time favor plastic oil.•Lower pressure, smaller particle size and reactive gas atmosphere favor plastic oil.•Catalysts usually promote better plastic oil quality but do not necessarily yield.•Plastic oil is fit for fossil fuel blending/replacement due to its good properties.
ArticleNumber 162719
Author Chang, Siu Hua
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Siu Hua
  surname: Chang
  fullname: Chang, Siu Hua
  email: shchang@uitm.edu.my
  organization: Waste Management and Resource Recovery (WeResCue) Group, Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Penang, Malaysia
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36933741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-43935ee9ea11c542f7e327320a7fd82565453b1481246c56871936ecd037b2f43
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ISSN 0048-9697
1879-1026
IngestDate Fri Jul 11 01:02:48 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 09:33:12 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 03 07:10:38 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 02:08:39 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:00:57 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:35:39 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Thermal pyrolysis
Pyrolysis conditions
Plastic oil
Catalytic pyrolysis
Plastic oil characteristics
Plastic waste
Language English
License Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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  text: 2023-06-15
  day: 15
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PublicationTitle The Science of the total environment
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Snippet Turning plastic waste into plastic oil by pyrolysis is one of the promising techniques to eradicate plastic waste pollution and accelerate the circular economy...
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SubjectTerms carbon
catalysts
Catalytic pyrolysis
circular economy
environment
feedstocks
heat
hydrogen
oils
particle size
Plastic oil
Plastic oil characteristics
Plastic waste
pollution
proximate composition
pyrolysis
Pyrolysis conditions
temperature
Thermal pyrolysis
value added
wastes
Title Plastic waste as pyrolysis feedstock for plastic oil production: A review
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162719
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36933741
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/3040460708
Volume 877
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