Disparities in Geographic Access to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Los Angeles County

Background Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic disparities in accessing CR persist and could be related to the distance between where patients live and where CR facilities are located. Our object...

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Published inJournal of the American Heart Association Vol. 11; no. 18; p. e026472
Main Authors Ebinger, Joseph E, Lan, Roy, Driver, Matthew P, Rushworth, Parker, Luong, Eric, Sun, Nancy, Nguyen, Trevor-Trung, Sternbach, Sarah, Hoang, Amy, Diaz, Jacqueline, Heath, Mallory, Claggett, Brian L, Bairey Merz, C Noel, Cheng, Susan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Wiley 20.09.2022
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Abstract Background Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic disparities in accessing CR persist and could be related to the distance between where patients live and where CR facilities are located. Our objective is to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and geographic proximity to CR facilities. Methods and Results We identified actively operating CR facilities across Los Angeles County and used multivariable Poisson regression to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics of residential proximity to the nearest CR facility. We also calculated the proportion of residents per area lacking geographic proximity to CR facilities across sociodemographic characteristics, from which we calculated prevalence ratios. We found that racial and ethnic minorities, compared with non-Hispanic White individuals, more frequently live ≥5 miles from a CR facility. The greatest geographic disparity was seen for non-Hispanic Black individuals, with a 2.73 (95% CI, 2.66-2.79) prevalence ratio of living at least 5 miles from a CR facility. Notably, the municipal region with the largest proportion of census tracts comprising mostly non-White residents (those identifying as Hispanic or a race other than White), with median annual household income <$60 000, contained no CR facilities despite ranking among the county's highest in population density. Conclusions Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic characteristics are significantly associated with lack of geographic proximity to a CR facility. Interventions targeting geographic as well as nongeographic factors may be needed to reduce disparities in access to exercise-based CR programs. Such interventions could increase the potential of CR to benefit patients at high risk for developing adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
AbstractList Background Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic disparities in accessing CR persist and could be related to the distance between where patients live and where CR facilities are located. Our objective is to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and geographic proximity to CR facilities. Methods and Results We identified actively operating CR facilities across Los Angeles County and used multivariable Poisson regression to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics of residential proximity to the nearest CR facility. We also calculated the proportion of residents per area lacking geographic proximity to CR facilities across sociodemographic characteristics, from which we calculated prevalence ratios. We found that racial and ethnic minorities, compared with non‐Hispanic White individuals, more frequently live ≥5 miles from a CR facility. The greatest geographic disparity was seen for non‐Hispanic Black individuals, with a 2.73 (95% CI, 2.66–2.79) prevalence ratio of living at least 5 miles from a CR facility. Notably, the municipal region with the largest proportion of census tracts comprising mostly non‐White residents (those identifying as Hispanic or a race other than White), with median annual household income <$60 000, contained no CR facilities despite ranking among the county's highest in population density. Conclusions Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic characteristics are significantly associated with lack of geographic proximity to a CR facility. Interventions targeting geographic as well as nongeographic factors may be needed to reduce disparities in access to exercise‐based CR programs. Such interventions could increase the potential of CR to benefit patients at high risk for developing adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Author Rushworth, Parker
Luong, Eric
Claggett, Brian L
Diaz, Jacqueline
Cheng, Susan
Lan, Roy
Sun, Nancy
Sternbach, Sarah
Bairey Merz, C Noel
Ebinger, Joseph E
Hoang, Amy
Driver, Matthew P
Nguyen, Trevor-Trung
Heath, Mallory
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cardiac rehabilitation
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Snippet Background Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic...
Background Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic...
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SubjectTerms Black individuals
Cardiac Rehabilitation
census tract
ethnic and racial minorities
Ethnicity
Health Services Accessibility
Hispanic or Latino
Humans
Los Angeles
Los Angeles - epidemiology
population density
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Title Disparities in Geographic Access to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Los Angeles County
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36073630
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2711840257
https://doaj.org/article/51ffb3d92c0248318416736b46d692a5
Volume 11
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