Does submarine groundwater discharge contribute to summer hypoxia in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary?

The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water 222Rn suggest a hotspot disc...

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Published inThe Science of the total environment Vol. 719; p. 137450
Main Authors Guo, Xiaoyi, Xu, Bochao, Burnett, William C., Wei, Qinsheng, Nan, Haiming, Zhao, Shibin, Charette, Matthew A., Lian, Ergang, Chen, Guangquan, Yu, Zhigang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2020
Subjects
222Rn
Changjiang River Estuary
dissolved oxygen
estuaries
groundwater
Hypoxia
nutrients
organic matter
primary productivity
radionuclides
radon
rivers
Submarine groundwater discharge
summer
Changjiang River Estuary
Hypoxia
Submarine groundwater discharge
222Rn
Rn
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Abstract The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water 222Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a 222Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m3/m2/day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition. [Display omitted] •222Rn activities are negatively correlated with bottom water dissolved oxygen within the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary.•The distribution patterns of SGD flux and dissolved oxygen in summer were overlapped.•Submarine groundwater discharge is an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the Changjiang River Estuary.
AbstractList The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m /m /day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition.
The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water 222Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a 222Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m3/m2/day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition.The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water 222Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a 222Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m3/m2/day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition.
The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water 222Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a 222Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m3/m2/day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition. [Display omitted] •222Rn activities are negatively correlated with bottom water dissolved oxygen within the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary.•The distribution patterns of SGD flux and dissolved oxygen in summer were overlapped.•Submarine groundwater discharge is an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the Changjiang River Estuary.
The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may contribute to the summer hypoxia. Spatial distributions of bottom water ²²²Rn suggest a hotspot discharge area in the northern section of the CJE. SGD fluxes were estimated based on a ²²²Rn mass balance model and were found to range from 0.002 ± 0.004 to 0.022 ± 0.011 m³/m²/day. Higher SGD fluxes were observed during summer hypoxia period. The well-developed overlap of the distribution patterns for SGD flux and dissolved oxygen (DO) implies that SGD could be an important contributor to summer hypoxia in the region off the CJE. We suggest that SGD contributes to the seasonal hypoxia either: (1) directly via discharge of anoxic groundwaters together with reducing substances; and/or (2) indirectly by delivering excess nutrients that stimulate primary productivity with consequent consumption of DO during organic matter decomposition.
ArticleNumber 137450
Author Guo, Xiaoyi
Wei, Qinsheng
Yu, Zhigang
Burnett, William C.
Charette, Matthew A.
Nan, Haiming
Zhao, Shibin
Lian, Ergang
Xu, Bochao
Chen, Guangquan
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  surname: Guo
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  organization: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Bochao
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5069-3824
  surname: Xu
  fullname: Xu, Bochao
  email: xubc@ouc.edu.cn
  organization: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
– sequence: 3
  givenname: William C.
  surname: Burnett
  fullname: Burnett, William C.
  organization: Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Qinsheng
  surname: Wei
  fullname: Wei, Qinsheng
  organization: Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Haiming
  surname: Nan
  fullname: Nan, Haiming
  organization: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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  givenname: Shibin
  surname: Zhao
  fullname: Zhao, Shibin
  organization: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Matthew A.
  surname: Charette
  fullname: Charette, Matthew A.
  organization: Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Ergang
  surname: Lian
  fullname: Lian, Ergang
  organization: State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Guangquan
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  fullname: Chen, Guangquan
  organization: First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
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  surname: Yu
  fullname: Yu, Zhigang
  organization: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32120100$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Changjiang River Estuary
Hypoxia
Submarine groundwater discharge
222Rn
Rn
Language English
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Snippet The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (CJE) is one of the largest and most intense seasonal hypoxic zones in the world. Here we examine the possibility that...
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SubjectTerms 222Rn
Changjiang River Estuary
dissolved oxygen
estuaries
groundwater
Hypoxia
nutrients
organic matter
primary productivity
radionuclides
radon
rivers
Submarine groundwater discharge
summer
Title Does submarine groundwater discharge contribute to summer hypoxia in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary?
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137450
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32120100
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2370508839
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2388744359
Volume 719
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