The emerging roles of ribosomal histidyl hydroxylases in cell biology, physiology and disease

• Published in: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS Vol. 75; no. 22; pp. 4093 - 4105
• Main Authors: Bundred, James R., Hendrix, Eline, Coleman, Mathew L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.11.2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Bone cancer; Cancer; Cell Biology; Histone Demethylases - metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; Hydroxylation; Immunology; Life Sciences; Metabolites; Mixed Function Oxygenases - chemistry; Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal - growth & development; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Neoplasms - immunology; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - pathology; Nuclear Proteins - metabolism; Nutrients; Pathogenesis; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Proteins; Review; Reviews; Ribosomal Proteins - chemistry; Ribosomal Proteins - metabolism; Ribosomes - enzymology; Post-translational modification; Histidine; Immunology; Hydroxylation; Bone development; Cancer
• ISSN: 1420-682X; 1420-9071
• DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2903-z

Hydroxylation is a novel protein modification catalyzed by a family of oxygenases that depend on fundamental nutrients and metabolites for activity. Protein hydroxylases have been implicated in a variety of key cellular processes that play important roles in both normal homeostasis and pathogenesis. Here, in this review, we summarize the current literature on a highly conserved sub-family of oxygenases that catalyze protein histidyl hydroxylation. We discuss the evidence supporting the biochemical assignment of these emerging enzymes as ribosomal protein hydroxylases, and provide an overview of their role in immunology, bone development, and cancer.