Patterns of nitrogen-fixing tree abundance in forests across Asia and America

1. Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N-fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. 2. Here,...

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Published inThe Journal of ecology Vol. 107; no. 6; pp. 2598 - 2610
Main Authors Menge, Duncan N. L., Chisholm, Ryan A., Davies, Stuart J., Salim, Kamariah Abu, Allen, David, Alvarez, Mauricio, Bourg, Norm, Brockelman, Warren Y., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Butt, Nathalie, Cao, Min, Chanthorn, Wirong, Chao, Wei-Chun, Clay, Keith, Condit, Richard, Cordell, Susan, da Silva, João Batista, Dattaraja, H. S., de Andrade, Ana Cristina Segalin, de Oliveira, Alexandre A., den Ouden, Jan, Drescher, Michael, Fletcher, Christine, Giardina, Christian P., Gunatilleke, C. V. Savitri, Gunatilleke, I. A. U. Nimal, Hau, Billy C. H., He, Fangliang, Howe, Robert, Hsieh, Chang-Fu, Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman-Narahari, Faith M., Jansen, Patrick A., Johnson, Daniel J., Kong, Lee Sing, Král, Kamil, Ku, Chen-Chia, Lai, Jiangshan, Larson, Andrew J., Li, Xiankun, Li, Yide, Lin, Luxiang, Lin, YiChing, Liu, Shirong, Lum, Shawn K. Y., Lutz, James A., Ma, Keping, Malhi, Yadvinder, McMahon, Sean, McShea, William, Mi, Xiangcheng, Morecroft, Michael, Myers, Jonathan A., Nathalang, Anuttara, Novotny, Vojtech, Ong, Perry, Orwig, David A., Ostertag, Rebecca, Parker, Geoffrey, Phillips, Richard P., Rahman, Kassim Abd, Sack, Lawren, Sang, Weiguo, Shen, Guochun, Shringi, Ankur, Shue, Jessica, Su, Sheng-Hsin, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Suresh, H. S., Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Sean C., Toko, Pagi S., Valencia, Renato, Vallejo, Martha I., Vicentini, Alberto, Vrška, Tomáš, Wang, Bin, Wang, Xihua, Weiblen, George D., Wolf, Amy, Xu, Han, Yap, Sandra, Zhu, Li, Fung, Tak
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford John Wiley & Sons Ltd 01.11.2019
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Subjects
Abundance
Annual precipitation
Asia
data collection
Determinants of plant community diversity and structure
ecosystems
Europe
forest
Forests
latitude
legume
meta-analysis
Nitrogen
Nitrogen fixation
nitrogen-fixing trees
Nitrogenation
North America
nutrient limitation
Plant species
Precipitation
Smithsonian ForestGEO
South America
stems
Symbionts
symbiosis
Temperature
Trees
Tropical climate
Tropical environments
Tropical forests
tropics
Asia
South America
North America
Europe
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Abstract 1. Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N-fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. 2. Here, we characterised the abundance of N-fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N-fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation. 3. Outside the tropics, N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N-fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~ 1 % of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N-fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N-fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics. 4. Synthesis. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N-fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N-fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N-fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.
AbstractList 1. Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N-fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. 2. Here, we characterised the abundance of N-fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N-fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation. 3. Outside the tropics, N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N-fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~ 1 % of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N-fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N-fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics. 4. Synthesis. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N-fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N-fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N-fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.
Symbiotic nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N‐fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. Here, we characterised the abundance of N‐fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N‐fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation. Outside the tropics, N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N‐fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~1% of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N‐fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N‐fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics. Synthesis . Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N‐fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N‐fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N‐fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.
Symbiotic nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N‐fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas.Here, we characterised the abundance of N‐fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N‐fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation.Outside the tropics, N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N‐fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~1% of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N‐fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N‐fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics.Synthesis. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N‐fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N‐fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N‐fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.
Symbiotic nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N‐fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. Here, we characterised the abundance of N‐fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N‐fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation. Outside the tropics, N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N‐fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~1% of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N‐fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N‐fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics. Synthesis. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N‐fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N‐fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N‐fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N‐fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N‐fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N‐fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N‐fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.
Author Nathalang, Anuttara
Gunatilleke, I. A. U. Nimal
Larson, Andrew J.
Chanthorn, Wirong
Ku, Chen-Chia
Hsieh, Chang-Fu
Vallejo, Martha I.
Wang, Xihua
Wolf, Amy
Mi, Xiangcheng
Chisholm, Ryan A.
Inman-Narahari, Faith M.
Malhi, Yadvinder
Lum, Shawn K. Y.
Myers, Jonathan A.
Wang, Bin
Tan, Sylvester
Bourg, Norm
Kong, Lee Sing
Zhu, Li
Hau, Billy C. H.
Parker, Geoffrey
Hubbell, Stephen P.
da Silva, João Batista
Novotny, Vojtech
Drescher, Michael
Král, Kamil
den Ouden, Jan
Su, Sheng-Hsin
Valencia, Renato
Ong, Perry
Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh
Dattaraja, H. S.
Ma, Keping
Rahman, Kassim Abd
Johnson, Daniel J.
Lin, Luxiang
Phillips, Richard P.
Fletcher, Christine
Lai, Jiangshan
Cordell, Susan
Ostertag, Rebecca
Cao, Min
Howe, Robert
Giardina, Christian P.
Sun, I-Fang
Liu, Shirong
Condit, Richard
Xu, Han
Toko, Pagi S.
Morecroft, Michael
Sang, Weiguo
Li, Yide
Davies, Stuart J.
Weiblen, George D.
Vicentini, Alberto
Brockelman, Warren Y.
Lin, YiChing
Vrška, Tomáš
Lutz, James A.
Chao, Wei-Chun
Sack, Lawren
Suresh, H. S.
Allen, David
Menge, Duncan N. L.
de Andrade, Ana Crist
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Snippet 1. Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance...
Symbiotic nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and...
Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and...
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SubjectTerms Abundance
Annual precipitation
Asia
data collection
Determinants of plant community diversity and structure
ecosystems
Europe
forest
Forests
latitude
legume
meta-analysis
Nitrogen
Nitrogen fixation
nitrogen-fixing trees
Nitrogenation
North America
nutrient limitation
Plant species
Precipitation
Smithsonian ForestGEO
South America
stems
Symbionts
symbiosis
Temperature
Trees
Tropical climate
Tropical environments
Tropical forests
tropics
Title Patterns of nitrogen-fixing tree abundance in forests across Asia and America
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/45282981
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2F1365-2745.13199
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