Does the Bilingual Advantage in Cognitive Control Exist and If So, What Are Its Modulating Factors? A Systematic Review

Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the bilingual advantage and its modulating factors. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases for all original data and reviewed...

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Published inBehavioral sciences Vol. 9; no. 3; p. 27
Main Authors van den Noort, Maurits, Struys, Esli, Bosch, Peggy, Jaswetz, Lars, Perriard, Benoît, Yeo, Sujung, Barisch, Pia, Vermeire, Katrien, Lee, Sook-Hyun, Lim, Sabina
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 13.03.2019
MDPI
Subjects
Age
bilingual advantage
Bilingualism
Cognition
cognitive control
Collaboration
Foreign language learning
Individual differences
Language
Longitudinal studies
Meta-analysis
methodology
Review
Skills
Socioeconomic factors
Systematic review
cognitive control
methodology
bilingual advantage
bilingualism
individual differences
longitudinal studies
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Abstract Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the bilingual advantage and its modulating factors. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases for all original data and reviewed studies on bilingualism and cognitive control, with a cut-off date of 31 October 2018, thereby following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The results of the 46 original studies show that indeed, the majority, 54.3%, reported beneficial effects of bilingualism on cognitive control tasks; however, 28.3% found mixed results and 17.4% found evidence against its existence. Methodological differences seem to explain these mixed results: Particularly, the varying selection of the bilingual participants, the use of nonstandardized tests, and the fact that individual differences were often neglected and that longitudinal designs were rare. Therefore, a serious risk for bias exists in both directions (i.e., in favor of and against the bilingual advantage). To conclude, we found some evidence for a bilingual advantage in cognitive control; however, if significant progress is to be made, better study designs, bigger data, and more longitudinal studies are needed.
AbstractList Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the bilingual advantage and its modulating factors. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases for all original data and reviewed studies on bilingualism and cognitive control, with a cut-off date of 31 October 2018, thereby following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The results of the 46 original studies show that indeed, the majority, 54.3%, reported beneficial effects of bilingualism on cognitive control tasks; however, 28.3% found mixed results and 17.4% found evidence against its existence. Methodological differences seem to explain these mixed results: Particularly, the varying selection of the bilingual participants, the use of nonstandardized tests, and the fact that individual differences were often neglected and that longitudinal designs were rare. Therefore, a serious risk for bias exists in both directions (i.e., in favor of and against the bilingual advantage). To conclude, we found some evidence for a bilingual advantage in cognitive control; however, if significant progress is to be made, better study designs, bigger data, and more longitudinal studies are needed.
Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the bilingual advantage and its modulating factors. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases for all original data and reviewed studies on bilingualism and cognitive control, with a cut-off date of 31 October 2018, thereby following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The results of the 46 original studies show that indeed, the majority, 54.3%, reported beneficial effects of bilingualism on cognitive control tasks; however, 28.3% found mixed results and 17.4% found evidence against its existence. Methodological differences seem to explain these mixed results: Particularly, the varying selection of the bilingual participants, the use of nonstandardized tests, and the fact that individual differences were often neglected and that longitudinal designs were rare. Therefore, a serious risk for bias exists in both directions (i.e., in favor of and against the bilingual advantage). To conclude, we found some evidence for a bilingual advantage in cognitive control; however, if significant progress is to be made, better study designs, bigger data, and more longitudinal studies are needed.Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the bilingual advantage and its modulating factors. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases for all original data and reviewed studies on bilingualism and cognitive control, with a cut-off date of 31 October 2018, thereby following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The results of the 46 original studies show that indeed, the majority, 54.3%, reported beneficial effects of bilingualism on cognitive control tasks; however, 28.3% found mixed results and 17.4% found evidence against its existence. Methodological differences seem to explain these mixed results: Particularly, the varying selection of the bilingual participants, the use of nonstandardized tests, and the fact that individual differences were often neglected and that longitudinal designs were rare. Therefore, a serious risk for bias exists in both directions (i.e., in favor of and against the bilingual advantage). To conclude, we found some evidence for a bilingual advantage in cognitive control; however, if significant progress is to be made, better study designs, bigger data, and more longitudinal studies are needed.
Author Jaswetz, Lars
Vermeire, Katrien
Struys, Esli
Lim, Sabina
Perriard, Benoît
Yeo, Sujung
Lee, Sook-Hyun
van den Noort, Maurits
Bosch, Peggy
Barisch, Pia
AuthorAffiliation 1 Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea; sh00god@khu.ac.kr
9 Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Long Island University (LIU) Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; katrien.vermeire@liu.edu
3 Psychiatric Research Group, LVR-Klinik Bedburg-Hau, 47511 Bedburg-Hau, Germany; p.bosch@donders.ru.nl
8 Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Pia.Barisch@uni-duesseldorf.de
5 Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands; L.Jaswetz@psych.ru.nl
7 College of Oriental Medicine, Sang Ji University, Wonju 26339, Korea; pinkteeth@hanmail.net
2 Brussels Institute for Applied Linguistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Esli.Struys@vub.be
4 Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
6 Department of Medicine, Neurology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; benoit.perriard@u
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Psychiatric Research Group, LVR-Klinik Bedburg-Hau, 47511 Bedburg-Hau, Germany; p.bosch@donders.ru.nl
– name: 8 Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Pia.Barisch@uni-duesseldorf.de
– name: 6 Department of Medicine, Neurology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; benoit.perriard@unifr.ch
– name: 4 Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
– name: 9 Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Long Island University (LIU) Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; katrien.vermeire@liu.edu
– name: 1 Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea; sh00god@khu.ac.kr
– name: 7 College of Oriental Medicine, Sang Ji University, Wonju 26339, Korea; pinkteeth@hanmail.net
– name: 5 Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands; L.Jaswetz@psych.ru.nl
– name: 2 Brussels Institute for Applied Linguistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Esli.Struys@vub.be
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871228$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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2019 by the authors. 2019
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Issue 3
Keywords cognitive control
methodology
bilingual advantage
bilingualism
individual differences
longitudinal studies
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Snippet Recently, doubts were raised about the existence of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control. The aim of the present review was to investigate the...
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SubjectTerms Age
bilingual advantage
Bilingualism
Cognition
cognitive control
Collaboration
Foreign language learning
Individual differences
Language
Longitudinal studies
Meta-analysis
methodology
Review
Skills
Socioeconomic factors
Systematic review
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Title Does the Bilingual Advantage in Cognitive Control Exist and If So, What Are Its Modulating Factors? A Systematic Review
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871228
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2546932493
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2193167132
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6466577
https://doaj.org/article/6c9ebcc8e54f4917ac2440ee552f0dc9
Volume 9
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