Serum antibody fingerprinting of SARS-CoV-2 variants in infected and vaccinated subjects by label-free microarray biosensor

Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates information not only on the virus type that caused the infection but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providin...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 15; p. 1323406
Main Authors Carzaniga, Thomas, Casiraghi, Luca, Nava, Giovanni, Zanchetta, Giuliano, Inzani, Tommaso, Chiari, Marcella, Bollati, Valentina, Epis, Sara, Bandi, Claudio, Lai, Alessia, Zehender, Gianguglielmo, Bellini, Tommaso, Buscaglia, Marco
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 27.02.2024
Subjects
antibody repertoire
Immunology
label-free biosensor
rapid detection
reflective phantom interface
serological assay
wash-free assay
wash-free assay
IgA
label-free biosensor
reflective phantom interface
rapid detection
immunoglobulins
serological assay
antibody repertoire
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Abstract Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates information not only on the virus type that caused the infection but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providing a fingerprint of serum antibodies against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants based on a microarray of virus antigens immobilized on the surface of a label-free reflectometric biosensor. We analyzed serum from the plasma of convalescent subjects and vaccinated volunteers and extracted individual antibody profiles of both total immunoglobulin Ig and IgA fractions. We found that Ig level profiles were strongly correlated with the specific variant of infection or vaccination and that vaccinated subjects displayed a larger quantity of total Ig and a lower fraction of IgA relative to the population of convalescent unvaccinated subjects.
AbstractList Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates information not only on the virus type that caused the infection but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providing a fingerprint of serum antibodies against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants based on a microarray of virus antigens immobilized on the surface of a label-free reflectometric biosensor. We analyzed serum from the plasma of convalescent subjects and vaccinated volunteers and extracted individual antibody profiles of both total immunoglobulin Ig and IgA fractions. We found that Ig level profiles were strongly correlated with the specific variant of infection or vaccination and that vaccinated subjects displayed a larger quantity of total Ig and a lower fraction of IgA relative to the population of convalescent unvaccinated subjects.Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates information not only on the virus type that caused the infection but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providing a fingerprint of serum antibodies against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants based on a microarray of virus antigens immobilized on the surface of a label-free reflectometric biosensor. We analyzed serum from the plasma of convalescent subjects and vaccinated volunteers and extracted individual antibody profiles of both total immunoglobulin Ig and IgA fractions. We found that Ig level profiles were strongly correlated with the specific variant of infection or vaccination and that vaccinated subjects displayed a larger quantity of total Ig and a lower fraction of IgA relative to the population of convalescent unvaccinated subjects.
Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates information not only on the virus type that caused the infection but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providing a fingerprint of serum antibodies against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants based on a microarray of virus antigens immobilized on the surface of a label-free reflectometric biosensor. We analyzed serum from the plasma of convalescent subjects and vaccinated volunteers and extracted individual antibody profiles of both total immunoglobulin Ig and IgA fractions. We found that Ig level profiles were strongly correlated with the specific variant of infection or vaccination and that vaccinated subjects displayed a larger quantity of total Ig and a lower fraction of IgA relative to the population of convalescent unvaccinated subjects.
Author Buscaglia, Marco
Epis, Sara
Bandi, Claudio
Casiraghi, Luca
Carzaniga, Thomas
Nava, Giovanni
Chiari, Marcella
Inzani, Tommaso
Lai, Alessia
Zehender, Gianguglielmo
Zanchetta, Giuliano
Bollati, Valentina
Bellini, Tommaso
AuthorAffiliation 2 Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR) , Milano , Italy
3 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità , Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano , Italy
5 Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy
4 Dipartimento di Bioscienze and Pediatric Clinical Research Center (CRC) ‘Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy
1 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
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– name: 4 Dipartimento di Bioscienze and Pediatric Clinical Research Center (CRC) ‘Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy
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Copyright Copyright © 2024 Carzaniga, Casiraghi, Nava, Zanchetta, Inzani, Chiari, Bollati, Epis, Bandi, Lai, Zehender, Bellini and Buscaglia.
Copyright © 2024 Carzaniga, Casiraghi, Nava, Zanchetta, Inzani, Chiari, Bollati, Epis, Bandi, Lai, Zehender, Bellini and Buscaglia 2024 Carzaniga, Casiraghi, Nava, Zanchetta, Inzani, Chiari, Bollati, Epis, Bandi, Lai, Zehender, Bellini and Buscaglia
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Keywords wash-free assay
IgA
label-free biosensor
reflective phantom interface
rapid detection
immunoglobulins
serological assay
antibody repertoire
Language English
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Edited by: Ralf J. Braun, Danube Private University, Austria
Fangfeng Yuan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States
Reviewed by: Narayanaiah Cheedarla, Emory University, United States
ORCID: Marco Buscaglia, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5010-0278
These authors have contributed equally to this work
Baoqing Sun, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
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Snippet Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies generates...
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SubjectTerms antibody repertoire
Immunology
label-free biosensor
rapid detection
reflective phantom interface
serological assay
wash-free assay
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Title Serum antibody fingerprinting of SARS-CoV-2 variants in infected and vaccinated subjects by label-free microarray biosensor
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