Biogenesis and delivery of extracellular vesicles: harnessing the power of EVs for diagnostics and therapeutics

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by a variety of cell types. These vesicles encapsulate a diverse range of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles derived from their parental cells. While EVs have emerged as crucial...

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Published inFrontiers in molecular biosciences Vol. 10; p. 1330400
Main Authors Yu, Jivin, Sane, Saba, Kim, Ji-Eun, Yun, Sehee, Kim, Hyeon-Jai, Jo, Kyeong Beom, Wright, Jacob P, Khoshdoozmasouleh, Nooshin, Lee, Kunwoo, Oh, Ho Taek, Thiel, Keaton, Parvin, Afrin, Williams, Xavier, Hannon, Claire, Lee, Hunsang, Kim, Dae-Kyum
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 03.01.2024
Subjects
biogenesis
delivery
ectosomes
exosomes
extracellular vesicles
Molecular Biosciences
uptake
delivery
extracellular vesicles
uptake
exosomes
biogenesis
network analysis
ectosomes
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Summary:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by a variety of cell types. These vesicles encapsulate a diverse range of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles derived from their parental cells. While EVs have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, they also hold immense potential as both biomarkers and therapeutic agents for numerous diseases. A thorough understanding of EV biogenesis is crucial for the development of EV-based diagnostic developments since the composition of EVs can reflect the health and disease status of the donor cell. Moreover, when EVs are taken up by target cells, they can exert profound effects on gene expression, signaling pathways, and cellular behavior, which makes these biomolecules enticing targets for therapeutic interventions. Yet, despite decades of research, the intricate processes underlying EV biogenesis by donor cells and subsequent uptake by recipient cells remain poorly understood. In this review, we aim to summarize current insights and advancements in the biogenesis and uptake mechanisms of EVs. By shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms governing EV biogenesis and delivery, this review underscores the potential of basic mechanistic research to pave the way for developing novel diagnostic strategies and therapeutic applications.
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These authors share first authorship
Edited by: Dwijendra K. Gupta, Allahabad University, India
Reviewed by: Yoshikuni Goto, Teikyo Heisei University, Japan
ISSN:2296-889X
2296-889X
DOI:10.3389/fmolb.2023.1330400