Higher-Order Interactions and Their Duals Reveal Synergy and Logical Dependence beyond Shannon-Information

Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain fundamentally different systems indistinguishable. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the correct higher-order generalisation of mutual informa...

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Published inEntropy (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 4; p. 648
Main Author Jansma, Abel
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 12.04.2023
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Abstract Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain fundamentally different systems indistinguishable. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the correct higher-order generalisation of mutual information (MI). In this manuscript, we show that a recently proposed model-free definition of higher-order interactions among binary variables (MFIs), such as mutual information, is a Möbius inversion on a Boolean algebra, except of surprisal instead of entropy. This provides an information-theoretic interpretation to the MFIs, and by extension to Ising interactions. We study the objects dual to mutual information and the MFIs on the order-reversed lattices. We find that dual MI is related to the previously studied differential mutual information, while dual interactions are interactions with respect to a different background state. Unlike (dual) mutual information, interactions and their duals uniquely identify all six 2-input logic gates, the dy- and triadic distributions, and different causal dynamics that are identical in terms of their Shannon information content.
AbstractList Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain fundamentally different systems indistinguishable. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the correct higher-order generalisation of mutual information (MI). In this manuscript, we show that a recently proposed model-free definition of higher-order interactions among binary variables (MFIs), such as mutual information, is a Möbius inversion on a Boolean algebra, except of surprisal instead of entropy. This provides an information-theoretic interpretation to the MFIs, and by extension to Ising interactions. We study the objects dual to mutual information and the MFIs on the order-reversed lattices. We find that dual MI is related to the previously studied differential mutual information, while dual interactions are interactions with respect to a different background state. Unlike (dual) mutual information, interactions and their duals uniquely identify all six 2-input logic gates, the dy- and triadic distributions, and different causal dynamics that are identical in terms of their Shannon information content.
Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain fundamentally different systems indistinguishable. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the correct higher-order generalisation of mutual information (MI). In this manuscript, we show that a recently proposed model-free definition of higher-order interactions among binary variables (MFIs), such as mutual information, is a Möbius inversion on a Boolean algebra, except of surprisal instead of entropy. This provides an information-theoretic interpretation to the MFIs, and by extension to Ising interactions. We study the objects dual to mutual information and the MFIs on the order-reversed lattices. We find that dual MI is related to the previously studied differential mutual information, while dual interactions are interactions with respect to a different background state. Unlike (dual) mutual information, interactions and their duals uniquely identify all six 2-input logic gates, the dy- and triadic distributions, and different causal dynamics that are identical in terms of their Shannon information content.Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain fundamentally different systems indistinguishable. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the correct higher-order generalisation of mutual information (MI). In this manuscript, we show that a recently proposed model-free definition of higher-order interactions among binary variables (MFIs), such as mutual information, is a Möbius inversion on a Boolean algebra, except of surprisal instead of entropy. This provides an information-theoretic interpretation to the MFIs, and by extension to Ising interactions. We study the objects dual to mutual information and the MFIs on the order-reversed lattices. We find that dual MI is related to the previously studied differential mutual information, while dual interactions are interactions with respect to a different background state. Unlike (dual) mutual information, interactions and their duals uniquely identify all six 2-input logic gates, the dy- and triadic distributions, and different causal dynamics that are identical in terms of their Shannon information content.
Audience Academic
Author Jansma, Abel
AuthorAffiliation 3 Biomedical AI Lab, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
2 Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
1 MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; a.a.a.jansma@sms.ed.ac.uk
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Biomedical AI Lab, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
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Issue 4
Keywords entropy
synergy
Möbius inversions
triadic
Ising model
higher-order
information
lattices
Language English
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Snippet Information-theoretic quantities reveal dependencies among variables in the structure of joint, marginal, and conditional entropies while leaving certain...
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SubjectTerms Algebra
Analysis
Boolean algebra
Decomposition
Entropy
higher-order
information
Information theory
Ising model
Lattices
Logic circuits
Mathematical functions
Möbius inversions
Probability
Probability distribution
Random variables
synergy
triadic
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Title Higher-Order Interactions and Their Duals Reveal Synergy and Logical Dependence beyond Shannon-Information
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37190436
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2806516581
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2814526024/abstract/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10137660
https://doaj.org/article/9f69f14fdd5c46a2a52cee78b9cc197e
Volume 25
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