Intention to test for prostate cancer
The aim of this study was to assess intention among men to take a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, when this test was: (i) offered by a doctor or (ii) based on the men’s own initiative. A further aim was to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict the most important determinants for...
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Published in | European journal of cancer (1990) Vol. 41; no. 7; pp. 990 - 997 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.05.2005
Elsevier |
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Abstract | The aim of this study was to assess intention among men to take a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, when this test was: (i) offered by a doctor or (ii) based on the men’s own initiative. A further aim was to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict the most important determinants for taking a PSA test. In addition, the intention to take a PSA test among men who had the opportunity to read a PSA leaflet published by the Swedish Cancer Society was compared with men who had not read the leaflet. A total of 1000 men, age range 40–70 years, were selected randomly from a population database. The TPB model was used to measure attitudes about PSA testing. The constructed questionnaire was posted to the selected sample. Half of the sample received only the TPB questionnaire and the other half also received a PSA leaflet. The response rate was approximately 63%. The results showed that men would be less likely to request a PSA test if their doctor did not suggest the test (mean
≈
3.8 (range 1–7 from not likely to very likely)). However, if they were offered the test, most would take it (mean
≈
6.0 (range 1–7)). The positive ‘Attitude factor’ towards the test was the most salient predictor of both behaviours. In addition, the probability of requesting a test was higher among those who had already taken a PSA test. The men who did not receive the PSA leaflet reported a higher intention to take the test than those who had received it. Overall, 47% of the variance was explained concerning men’s intention to take a PSA test when offered by a doctor and 25% of men’s intention to request the PSA test themselves. In conclusion, the majority of men in this study had a positive attitude towards PSA testing. The results indicate that most men could be expected to accept screening. The intention to take the PSA test was lower among the men who had received the PSA leaflet. |
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AbstractList | The aim of this study was to assess intention among men to take a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, when this test was: (i) offered by a doctor or (ii) based on the men's own initiative. A further aim was to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict the most important determinants for taking a PSA test. In addition, the intention to take a PSA test among men who had the opportunity to read a PSA leaflet published by the Swedish Cancer Society was compared with men who had not read the leaflet. A total of 1000 men, age range 40-70 years, were selected randomly from a population database. The TPB model was used to measure attitudes about PSA testing. The constructed questionnaire was posted to the selected sample. Half of the sample received only the TPB questionnaire and the other half also received a PSA leaflet. The response rate was approximately 63%. The results showed that men would be less likely to request a PSA test if their doctor did not suggest the test (mean approximately 3.8 (range 1-7 from not likely to very likely)). However, if they were offered the test, most would take it (mean approximately 6.0 (range 1-7)). The positive "Attitude factor" towards the test was the most salient predictor of both behaviours. In addition, the probability of requesting a test was higher among those who had already taken a PSA test. The men who did not receive the PSA leaflet reported a higher intention to take the test than those who had received it. Overall, 47% of the variance was explained concerning men's intention to take a PSA test when offered by a doctor and 25% of men's intention to request the PSA test themselves. In conclusion, the majority of men in this study had a positive attitude towards PSA testing. The results indicate that most men could be expected to accept screening. The intention to take the PSA test was lower among the men who had received the PSA leaflet. The aim of this study was to assess intention among men to take a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, when this test was: (i) offered by a doctor or (ii) based on the men’s own initiative. A further aim was to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict the most important determinants for taking a PSA test. In addition, the intention to take a PSA test among men who had the opportunity to read a PSA leaflet published by the Swedish Cancer Society was compared with men who had not read the leaflet. A total of 1000 men, age range 40–70 years, were selected randomly from a population database. The TPB model was used to measure attitudes about PSA testing. The constructed questionnaire was posted to the selected sample. Half of the sample received only the TPB questionnaire and the other half also received a PSA leaflet. The response rate was approximately 63%. The results showed that men would be less likely to request a PSA test if their doctor did not suggest the test (mean ≈ 3.8 (range 1–7 from not likely to very likely)). However, if they were offered the test, most would take it (mean ≈ 6.0 (range 1–7)). The positive ‘Attitude factor’ towards the test was the most salient predictor of both behaviours. In addition, the probability of requesting a test was higher among those who had already taken a PSA test. The men who did not receive the PSA leaflet reported a higher intention to take the test than those who had received it. Overall, 47% of the variance was explained concerning men’s intention to take a PSA test when offered by a doctor and 25% of men’s intention to request the PSA test themselves. In conclusion, the majority of men in this study had a positive attitude towards PSA testing. The results indicate that most men could be expected to accept screening. The intention to take the PSA test was lower among the men who had received the PSA leaflet. |
Author | Nordin, Karin Nilsson, Sten Berglund, Gunilla |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gunilla surname: Berglund fullname: Berglund, Gunilla email: gunilla.berglund@pubcare.uu.se organization: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83 Uppsala, Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: Sten surname: Nilsson fullname: Nilsson, Sten organization: Department of Oncology, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Sjukhuset, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Karin surname: Nordin fullname: Nordin, Karin organization: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83 Uppsala, Sweden |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1999.tb123594.x 10.1080/003655999750017374 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63766-2 10.1093/gerona/53A.3.M195 10.1001/archfami.8.4.333 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00481.x |
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Keywords | Theory of Planned Behaviour Informative leaflet Intention PSA test Prostate cancer Urinary system disease Prostate disease Theory Tumoral marker Pharmacology Malignant tumor Prostate specific antigen Cancerology Male genital diseases |
Language | English |
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References | Stockholm, National Board of Health and Welfare, 1999 Ajzen, Madden (bib15) 1986; 22 Volk, Cass, Spann (bib4) 1999; 8 Spapen, Damhuis, Kirkels (bib11) 2000; 85 Wolf, Schorling (bib5) 1998; 53 Lodding, Aus, Bergdahl (bib10) 1998; 159 Ajzen, Fishbein (bib12) 1977; 24 Kazdin (bib16) 1980 Diefenbach, Ganz, Pawlow (bib6) 1996; 11 Slevin, Donnelly, Clarksson (bib7) 1999; 171 Ajzen (bib13) 1988 O’Dell, Volk, Cass (bib3) 1999; 48 Uppsala, National Board of Health and Welfare, 2001 Howell (bib14) 1992 Wallskär (bib2) 2000 Sandblom, Mattsson, Nilsson (bib9) 1999; 33 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib8 Sandblom (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib9) 1999; 33 Ajzen (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib12) 1977; 24 Wolf (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib5) 1998; 53 Lodding (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib10) 1998; 159 Kazdin (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib16) 1980 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib1 Slevin (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib7) 1999; 171 Ajzen (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib15) 1986; 22 Wallskär (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib2) 2000 O’Dell (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib3) 1999; 48 Diefenbach (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib6) 1996; 11 Ajzen (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib13) 1988 Spapen (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib11) 2000; 85 Howell (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib14) 1992 Volk (10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib4) 1999; 8 |
References_xml | – year: 2000 ident: bib2 article-title: Cancerfonden: OM PSA-TEST contributor: fullname: Wallskär – volume: 24 start-page: 207 year: 1977 end-page: 224 ident: bib12 article-title: Attitude-behaviour relations: a theoretical analysis and review of empirical research publication-title: Psychol Bull contributor: fullname: Fishbein – volume: 53 start-page: 195 year: 1998 end-page: 200 ident: bib5 article-title: Preferences of elderly men for prostate-specific antigen screening and the impact of informed consent publication-title: J Gerontol-Series A, Biol Sci Med Sci contributor: fullname: Schorling – year: 1988 ident: bib13 article-title: Attitude, personality and behaviour contributor: fullname: Ajzen – year: 1980 ident: bib16 article-title: Research design in clinical psychology contributor: fullname: Kazdin – volume: 171 start-page: 185 year: 1999 end-page: 188 ident: bib7 article-title: Prostate cancer testing: behaviour, motivation and attitudes among Western Australian men publication-title: Med J Australia contributor: fullname: Clarksson – volume: 159 start-page: 899 year: 1998 end-page: 903 ident: bib10 article-title: Characteristics of screening detected prostate cancer in men 50 to 66 years old with 3 to 4 ng./ml. Prostate specific antigen publication-title: J Urol contributor: fullname: Bergdahl – volume: 11 start-page: 39 year: 1996 end-page: 44 ident: bib6 article-title: Screening by the prostate-specific antigen test: what do the patients know publication-title: J Cancer Educ contributor: fullname: Pawlow – volume: 85 start-page: 474 year: 2000 end-page: 480 ident: bib11 article-title: Trends in the curative treatment of localized prostate cancer after the introduction of prostate-specific antigen: data from the Rotterdam Cancer Registry publication-title: BJU Int contributor: fullname: Kirkels – volume: 8 start-page: 333 year: 1999 end-page: 340 ident: bib4 article-title: A randomized controlled trial of shared decision making for prostate cancer screening publication-title: Arch Fam Med contributor: fullname: Spann – year: 1992 ident: bib14 article-title: Statistical methods for psychology contributor: fullname: Howell – volume: 22 start-page: 453 year: 1986 end-page: 474 ident: bib15 article-title: Prediction and goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions and perceived behavioral control publication-title: J Exp Soc Psychol contributor: fullname: Madden – volume: 48 start-page: 682 year: 1999 end-page: 688 ident: bib3 article-title: Screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen test: are patients making informed decisions publication-title: J Family Pract contributor: fullname: Cass – volume: 33 start-page: 306 year: 1999 end-page: 311 ident: bib9 article-title: Prostate cancer registration in four Swedish regions 1996 publication-title: Scan J Urol Nephrol contributor: fullname: Nilsson – year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib13 contributor: fullname: Ajzen – volume: 22 start-page: 453 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib15 article-title: Prediction and goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions and perceived behavioral control publication-title: J Exp Soc Psychol doi: 10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4 contributor: fullname: Ajzen – volume: 171 start-page: 185 issue: 4 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib7 article-title: Prostate cancer testing: behaviour, motivation and attitudes among Western Australian men publication-title: Med J Australia doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1999.tb123594.x contributor: fullname: Slevin – volume: 33 start-page: 306 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib9 article-title: Prostate cancer registration in four Swedish regions 1996 publication-title: Scan J Urol Nephrol doi: 10.1080/003655999750017374 contributor: fullname: Sandblom – ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib1 – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib2 contributor: fullname: Wallskär – volume: 48 start-page: 682 issue: 9 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib3 article-title: Screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen test: are patients making informed decisions publication-title: J Family Pract contributor: fullname: O’Dell – volume: 159 start-page: 899 issue: 3 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib10 article-title: Characteristics of screening detected prostate cancer in men 50 to 66 years old with 3 to 4 ng./ml. Prostate specific antigen publication-title: J Urol doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63766-2 contributor: fullname: Lodding – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib14 contributor: fullname: Howell – volume: 24 start-page: 207 year: 1977 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib12 article-title: Attitude-behaviour relations: a theoretical analysis and review of empirical research publication-title: Psychol Bull contributor: fullname: Ajzen – volume: 11 start-page: 39 issue: 1 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib6 article-title: Screening by the prostate-specific antigen test: what do the patients know publication-title: J Cancer Educ contributor: fullname: Diefenbach – volume: 53 start-page: 195 issue: 3 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib5 article-title: Preferences of elderly men for prostate-specific antigen screening and the impact of informed consent publication-title: J Gerontol-Series A, Biol Sci Med Sci doi: 10.1093/gerona/53A.3.M195 contributor: fullname: Wolf – ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib8 – volume: 8 start-page: 333 issue: 4 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib4 article-title: A randomized controlled trial of shared decision making for prostate cancer screening publication-title: Arch Fam Med doi: 10.1001/archfami.8.4.333 contributor: fullname: Volk – volume: 85 start-page: 474 issue: 4 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib11 article-title: Trends in the curative treatment of localized prostate cancer after the introduction of prostate-specific antigen: data from the Rotterdam Cancer Registry publication-title: BJU Int doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00481.x contributor: fullname: Spapen – year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.01.011_bib16 contributor: fullname: Kazdin |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Attitude to Health Biological and medical sciences Humans Informative leaflet Intention Male Medical sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Middle Aged Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology Patient Education as Topic Pharmacology. Drug treatments Prostate cancer Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnosis Prostatic Neoplasms - psychology PSA test Surveys and Questionnaires Theory of Planned Behaviour Tumors |
Title | Intention to test for prostate cancer |
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