Gene Expression Analysis of Human Fetal Ovarian Primordial Follicle Formation

Context: Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about this process in the human. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify genes associated with the onset of human fetal primordia...

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Published inThe journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 94; no. 4; pp. 1427 - 1435
Main Authors Fowler, Paul A., Flannigan, Samantha, Mathers, Anna, Gillanders, Kim, Lea, Richard G., Wood, Maureen J., Maheshwari, Abha, Bhattacharya, Siladitya, Collie-Duguid, Elaina S. R., Baker, Paul J., Monteiro, Ana, O'Shaughnessy, Peter J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bethesda, MD Endocrine Society 01.04.2009
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Abstract Context: Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about this process in the human. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify genes associated with the onset of human fetal primordial follicle formation in morphologically normal human fetuses. Design: We conducted an observational study of the female fetal gonad, comparing gene expression before and during primordial follicle formation. Setting: The study was conducted at the Universities of Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Nottingham. Patients/Participants: Ovaries were collected from 51 morphologically normal human female fetuses of women undergoing elective termination of normal second trimester pregnancies. Main Outcome Measures: We performed fetal ovarian transcript expression by Affymetrix array and quantitative RT-PCR and gene product expression and localization by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Five transcripts were down-regulated and 61 were up-regulated in ovaries from older fetuses (18–20 wk) in which primordial follicle formation had started compared with younger (15–16 wk) fetuses in which no primordial follicles were observed. The altered genes contribute to major functions, including gene expression, tissue morphology, and apoptosis, that are essential for ovarian development. NALP5, the most highly regulated transcript, is an oocyte-specific maternal effect gene that is regulated downstream of FIGLA. Conclusions: NALP5 probably plays a key role in the onset of human primordial follicle formation and thus the establishment of ovarian reserve in women. Transcriptomic analysis of the onset of primordial follicle formation in the human fetal ovary demonstrates up-regulation of 61 genes, including the maternal effect gene NALP5, which may have an important role in this key process.
AbstractList Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about this process in the human. The aim of the study was to identify genes associated with the onset of human fetal primordial follicle formation in morphologically normal human fetuses. We conducted an observational study of the female fetal gonad, comparing gene expression before and during primordial follicle formation. The study was conducted at the Universities of Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Nottingham. Ovaries were collected from 51 morphologically normal human female fetuses of women undergoing elective termination of normal second trimester pregnancies. We performed fetal ovarian transcript expression by Affymetrix array and quantitative RT-PCR and gene product expression and localization by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Five transcripts were down-regulated and 61 were up-regulated in ovaries from older fetuses (18-20 wk) in which primordial follicle formation had started compared with younger (15-16 wk) fetuses in which no primordial follicles were observed. The altered genes contribute to major functions, including gene expression, tissue morphology, and apoptosis, that are essential for ovarian development. NALP5, the most highly regulated transcript, is an oocyte-specific maternal effect gene that is regulated downstream of FIGLA. NALP5 probably plays a key role in the onset of human primordial follicle formation and thus the establishment of ovarian reserve in women.
Context: Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about this process in the human. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify genes associated with the onset of human fetal primordial follicle formation in morphologically normal human fetuses. Design: We conducted an observational study of the female fetal gonad, comparing gene expression before and during primordial follicle formation. Setting: The study was conducted at the Universities of Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Nottingham. Patients/Participants: Ovaries were collected from 51 morphologically normal human female fetuses of women undergoing elective termination of normal second trimester pregnancies. Main Outcome Measures: We performed fetal ovarian transcript expression by Affymetrix array and quantitative RT-PCR and gene product expression and localization by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Five transcripts were down-regulated and 61 were up-regulated in ovaries from older fetuses (18–20 wk) in which primordial follicle formation had started compared with younger (15–16 wk) fetuses in which no primordial follicles were observed. The altered genes contribute to major functions, including gene expression, tissue morphology, and apoptosis, that are essential for ovarian development. NALP5, the most highly regulated transcript, is an oocyte-specific maternal effect gene that is regulated downstream of FIGLA. Conclusions: NALP5 probably plays a key role in the onset of human primordial follicle formation and thus the establishment of ovarian reserve in women. Transcriptomic analysis of the onset of primordial follicle formation in the human fetal ovary demonstrates up-regulation of 61 genes, including the maternal effect gene NALP5, which may have an important role in this key process.
CONTEXTPrimordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about this process in the human. OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to identify genes associated with the onset of human fetal primordial follicle formation in morphologically normal human fetuses. DESIGNWe conducted an observational study of the female fetal gonad, comparing gene expression before and during primordial follicle formation. SETTINGThe study was conducted at the Universities of Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Nottingham. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTSOvaries were collected from 51 morphologically normal human female fetuses of women undergoing elective termination of normal second trimester pregnancies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESWe performed fetal ovarian transcript expression by Affymetrix array and quantitative RT-PCR and gene product expression and localization by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTSFive transcripts were down-regulated and 61 were up-regulated in ovaries from older fetuses (18-20 wk) in which primordial follicle formation had started compared with younger (15-16 wk) fetuses in which no primordial follicles were observed. The altered genes contribute to major functions, including gene expression, tissue morphology, and apoptosis, that are essential for ovarian development. NALP5, the most highly regulated transcript, is an oocyte-specific maternal effect gene that is regulated downstream of FIGLA. CONCLUSIONSNALP5 probably plays a key role in the onset of human primordial follicle formation and thus the establishment of ovarian reserve in women.
Author Collie-Duguid, Elaina S. R.
Fowler, Paul A.
Maheshwari, Abha
Flannigan, Samantha
Wood, Maureen J.
Monteiro, Ana
O'Shaughnessy, Peter J.
Gillanders, Kim
Bhattacharya, Siladitya
Baker, Paul J.
Mathers, Anna
Lea, Richard G.
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Issue 4
Keywords Human
Obesity
Nutrition
Nutrition disorder
Metabolic diseases
Gene expression
Pregnancy
Ovary
Female genital system
Fetus
Ovarian follicle
Formation
Endocrinology
Nutritional status
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Snippet Context: Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is...
Primordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is known about...
CONTEXTPrimordial follicle formation dictates the maximal potential female reproductive capacity and establishes the ovarian reserve. Currently, little is...
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StartPage 1427
SubjectTerms Abortion, Induced
Autoantigens - genetics
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors - genetics
Biological and medical sciences
Endocrinopathies
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fetal Development - genetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression
Humans
Medical sciences
Oocytes - physiology
Ovarian Follicle - physiology
Ovary - physiology
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Trimester, Second
Transcription, Genetic
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vertebrates: endocrinology
Title Gene Expression Analysis of Human Fetal Ovarian Primordial Follicle Formation
URI http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-2619
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19258411
https://search.proquest.com/docview/67127563
Volume 94
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