Foundational Statistical Principles in Medical Research: Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, and Negative Predictive Value

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Vol. 57; no. 5; p. 503
• Main Authors: Monaghan, Thomas F., Rahman, Syed N., Agudelo, Christina W., Wein, Alan J., Lazar, Jason M., Everaert, Karel, Dmochowski, Roger R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 16.05.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: basics; Biopsy; biostatistics; diagnosis; Diagnostic tests; fundamentals; introduction; methodology; Prostate cancer; Review; Statistical prediction; Ultrasonic imaging

Sensitivity, which denotes the proportion of subjects correctly given a positive assignment out of all subjects who are actually positive for the outcome, indicates how well a test can classify subjects who truly have the outcome of interest. Specificity, which denotes the proportion of subjects cor...