Bone healing and graft resorption of autograft, anorganic bovine bone and β-tricalcium phosphate. A histologic and histomorphometric study in the mandibles of minipigs

• Published in: Clinical oral implants research Vol. 17; no. 3; pp. 237 - 243
• Main Authors: Jensen, Simon Storgård, Broggini, Nina, Hjørting-Hansen, Erik, Schenk, Robert, Buser, Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.06.2006
• Subjects: Animals; anorganic bovine bone; autograft; Biocompatible Materials - therapeutic use; Bone Marrow - pathology; Bone Marrow - physiology; bone regeneration; Bone Regeneration - physiology; Bone Resorption - pathology; Bone Resorption - physiopathology; bone substitute; Bone Substitutes - therapeutic use; Bone Transplantation - pathology; Bone Transplantation - physiology; Calcium Phosphates - therapeutic use; Cattle; Dentistry; experimental study; Mandible - pathology; Mandible - surgery; Mandibular Diseases - pathology; Mandibular Diseases - surgery; Osseointegration - physiology; Osteogenesis - physiology; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Time Factors; Transplantation, Autologous; tricalcium phosphate; Wound Healing - physiology
• ISSN: 0905-7161; 1600-0501
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01257.x

Objective: The purpose was to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the bone formation and graft resorption of two different bone substitutes used in both orthopedic and oral surgery, with autogenous bone as a positive control. Materials and methods: Three standardized bone defects were prepared in both mandibular angles of 12 adult minipigs. The defects were grafted with either autograft, anorganic bovine bone (ABB), or synthetic β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP). Sacrifice was performed after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Results: At 2 weeks, more new bone formation was seen in defects filled with autograft than with ABB (P∼0.0005) and β‐TCP (P∼0.002). After 4 weeks, there was no significant difference between β‐TCP and the two other materials. Defects grafted with ABB still exhibited less bone formation as compared with autograft (P∼0.004). At 8 weeks, more bone formation was observed in defects grafted with autograft (P∼0.003) and β‐TCP (P∼0.00004) than with ABB. No difference could be demonstrated between β‐TCP and autograft. β‐TCP resorbed almost completely over 8 weeks, whereas ABB remained stable. Conclusion: Both bone substitutes seemed to decelerate bone regeneration in the early healing phase as compared with autograft. All defects ultimately regenerated with newly formed bone and a developing bone marrow. The grafting materials showed complete osseous integration. Both bone substitutes may have a place in reconstructive surgery where different clinical indications require differences in biodegradability.