Non-opioid recreational drug use and a prolonged HIV outbreak among men who have sex with men in Taiwan: An incident case-control study, 2006–2015
Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak. We c...
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Published in | Journal of the Formosan Medical Association Vol. 121; no. 1; pp. 237 - 246 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.01.2022
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Abstract | Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak.
We conducted a retrospective case–control study among MSM clients at voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan). We used BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay to identify incident HIV infection (cases), individually matched to HIV-negative MSM clients (controls) by HIV testing date. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain the information on illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors.
From a total of 15,305 MSM client visits during 2006–2015, 387 cases were matched to 1012 controls. Use of inhaled nitrites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1), MDMA (aOR 2.9), amphetamines (aOR 1.6), and ketamine (aOR 1.5) were independently associated with incident HIV infection. Polydrug (≥2 drugs) use was associated with the highest risk (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.6–7.2). While the proportion of MSM VCT clients who reported use of any recreational drug remained stable during 2006–2015 (average: 9.7%, P: 0.38), there was a shift in specific types of drug use, from MDMA/ketamine to inhaled nitrites/amphetamine, after 2011 (all Ps < 0.05).
Non-opioid recreational drugs use is associated with incident HIV infection in this prolonged HIV outbreak. There is an urgent need to formulate an effective public health response to mitigate the risk. |
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AbstractList | Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak.
We conducted a retrospective case-control study among MSM clients at voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan). We used BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay to identify incident HIV infection (cases), individually matched to HIV-negative MSM clients (controls) by HIV testing date. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain the information on illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors.
From a total of 15,305 MSM client visits during 2006-2015, 387 cases were matched to 1012 controls. Use of inhaled nitrites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1), MDMA (aOR 2.9), amphetamines (aOR 1.6), and ketamine (aOR 1.5) were independently associated with incident HIV infection. Polydrug (≥2 drugs) use was associated with the highest risk (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.6-7.2). While the proportion of MSM VCT clients who reported use of any recreational drug remained stable during 2006-2015 (average: 9.7%, P: 0.38), there was a shift in specific types of drug use, from MDMA/ketamine to inhaled nitrites/amphetamine, after 2011 (all Ps < 0.05).
Non-opioid recreational drugs use is associated with incident HIV infection in this prolonged HIV outbreak. There is an urgent need to formulate an effective public health response to mitigate the risk. Background/purpose: Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case–control study among MSM clients at voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan). We used BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay to identify incident HIV infection (cases), individually matched to HIV-negative MSM clients (controls) by HIV testing date. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain the information on illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors. Results: From a total of 15,305 MSM client visits during 2006–2015, 387 cases were matched to 1012 controls. Use of inhaled nitrites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1), MDMA (aOR 2.9), amphetamines (aOR 1.6), and ketamine (aOR 1.5) were independently associated with incident HIV infection. Polydrug (≥2 drugs) use was associated with the highest risk (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.6–7.2). While the proportion of MSM VCT clients who reported use of any recreational drug remained stable during 2006–2015 (average: 9.7%, P: 0.38), there was a shift in specific types of drug use, from MDMA/ketamine to inhaled nitrites/amphetamine, after 2011 (all Ps < 0.05). Conclusion: Non-opioid recreational drugs use is associated with incident HIV infection in this prolonged HIV outbreak. There is an urgent need to formulate an effective public health response to mitigate the risk. BACKGROUND/PURPOSELimited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak. METHODSWe conducted a retrospective case-control study among MSM clients at voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan). We used BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay to identify incident HIV infection (cases), individually matched to HIV-negative MSM clients (controls) by HIV testing date. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain the information on illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors. RESULTSFrom a total of 15,305 MSM client visits during 2006-2015, 387 cases were matched to 1012 controls. Use of inhaled nitrites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1), MDMA (aOR 2.9), amphetamines (aOR 1.6), and ketamine (aOR 1.5) were independently associated with incident HIV infection. Polydrug (≥2 drugs) use was associated with the highest risk (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.6-7.2). While the proportion of MSM VCT clients who reported use of any recreational drug remained stable during 2006-2015 (average: 9.7%, P: 0.38), there was a shift in specific types of drug use, from MDMA/ketamine to inhaled nitrites/amphetamine, after 2011 (all Ps < 0.05). CONCLUSIONNon-opioid recreational drugs use is associated with incident HIV infection in this prolonged HIV outbreak. There is an urgent need to formulate an effective public health response to mitigate the risk. |
Author | Chen, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Pei-Ying Liu, Wen-Chun Luo, Yu-Zhen Lee, Yi-Chieh Hung, Chien-Ching Chang, Shan-Chwen Hsieh, Yuli Lily Yang, Jyh-Yuan Wu, Cheng-Hsin Fang, Chi-Tai |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yi-Chieh surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Yi-Chieh organization: Department of Internal Medicine, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, I-Lan, Taiwan – sequence: 2 givenname: Wen-Chun surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Wen-Chun organization: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 3 givenname: Yuli Lily surname: Hsieh fullname: Hsieh, Yuli Lily organization: Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 4 givenname: Cheng-Hsin surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Cheng-Hsin organization: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 5 givenname: Pei-Ying surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Pei-Ying organization: Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 6 givenname: Yu-Zhen surname: Luo fullname: Luo, Yu-Zhen organization: Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 7 givenname: Jyh-Yuan surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Jyh-Yuan organization: Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 8 givenname: Yi-Hsuan orcidid: 0000-0002-2796-4198 surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yi-Hsuan organization: Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 9 givenname: Chi-Tai orcidid: 0000-0002-7380-1699 surname: Fang fullname: Fang, Chi-Tai email: fangct@ntu.edu.tw organization: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 10 givenname: Chien-Ching surname: Hung fullname: Hung, Chien-Ching email: hcc0401@ntu.edu.tw organization: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan – sequence: 11 givenname: Shan-Chwen surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Shan-Chwen organization: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmii_2023_11_004 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12954_021_00566_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11469_023_01034_w crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyt_2024_1382646 |
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Keywords | BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay Voluntary counselling and testing HIV Men who have sex with men Recreational drug use |
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Snippet | Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men... BACKGROUND/PURPOSELimited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have... Background/purpose: Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who... |
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SubjectTerms | BED IgG-capture enzyme immunoassay Case-Control Studies Disease Outbreaks HIV HIV Infections - epidemiology Homosexuality, Male Humans Male Men who have sex with men Recreational Drug Use Retrospective Studies Sexual and Gender Minorities Taiwan - epidemiology Voluntary counselling and testing |
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Title | Non-opioid recreational drug use and a prolonged HIV outbreak among men who have sex with men in Taiwan: An incident case-control study, 2006–2015 |
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