The molecular and phenotypic makeup of fetal human skin T lymphocytes

The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at the early stages of gestation; however, our understanding of their contribution to early immunity has been limited by their low abundance and...

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Published inDevelopment (Cambridge) Vol. 149; no. 8
Main Authors Reitermaier, René, Ayub, Tanya, Staller, Julia, Kienzl, Philip, Fortelny, Nikolaus, Vieyra-Garcia, Pablo Augusto, Worda, Christof, Fiala, Christian, Staud, Clement, Eppel, Wolfgang, Scharrer, Anke, Krausgruber, Thomas, Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England The Company of Biologists Ltd 15.04.2022
Subjects
Adult
Female
Fetus - cytology
Fetus - immunology
Flow Cytometry
Human Development
Humans
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Middle Aged
Skin - cytology
Skin - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - cytology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Human
Flow cytometry
TCR
Confocal microscopy
Fetal
Single-cell RNA-sequencing
Skin
T cells
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Abstract The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at the early stages of gestation; however, our understanding of their contribution to early immunity has been limited by their low abundance and lack of comprehensive methodologies for their assessment. Here, we describe a new workflow for isolating and expanding significant amounts of T cells from fetal human skin. Using multiparametric flow cytometry and in situ immunofluorescence, we found a large population with a naive phenotype and small populations with a memory and regulatory phenotype. Their molecular state was characterized using single-cell transcriptomics and TCR repertoire profiling. Importantly, culture of total fetal skin biopsies facilitated T cell expansion without a substantial impact on their phenotype, a major prerequisite for subsequent functional assays. Collectively, our experimental approaches and data advance the understanding of fetal skin immunity and potential use in future therapeutic interventions.
AbstractList ABSTRACT The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at the early stages of gestation; however, our understanding of their contribution to early immunity has been limited by their low abundance and lack of comprehensive methodologies for their assessment. Here, we describe a new workflow for isolating and expanding significant amounts of T cells from fetal human skin. Using multiparametric flow cytometry and in situ immunofluorescence, we found a large population with a naive phenotype and small populations with a memory and regulatory phenotype. Their molecular state was characterized using single-cell transcriptomics and TCR repertoire profiling. Importantly, culture of total fetal skin biopsies facilitated T cell expansion without a substantial impact on their phenotype, a major prerequisite for subsequent functional assays. Collectively, our experimental approaches and data advance the understanding of fetal skin immunity and potential use in future therapeutic interventions.
The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at the early stages of gestation; however, our understanding of their contribution to early immunity has been limited by their low abundance and lack of comprehensive methodologies for their assessment. Here, we describe a new workflow for isolating and expanding significant amounts of T cells from fetal human skin. Using multiparametric flow cytometry and in situ immunofluorescence, we found a large population with a naive phenotype and small populations with a memory and regulatory phenotype. Their molecular state was characterized using single-cell transcriptomics and TCR repertoire profiling. Importantly, culture of total fetal skin biopsies facilitated T cell expansion without a substantial impact on their phenotype, a major prerequisite for subsequent functional assays. Collectively, our experimental approaches and data advance the understanding of fetal skin immunity and potential use in future therapeutic interventions.
The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at the early stages of gestation; however, our understanding of their contribution to early immunity has been limited by their low abundance and lack of comprehensive methodologies for their assessment. Here, we describe a new workflow for isolating and expanding significant amounts of T cells from fetal human skin. Using multiparametric flow cytometry and in situ immunofluorescence, we found a large population with a naive phenotype and small populations with a memory and regulatory phenotype. Their molecular state was characterized using single-cell transcriptomics and TCR repertoire profiling. Importantly, culture of total fetal skin biopsies facilitated T cell expansion without a substantial impact on their phenotype, a major prerequisite for subsequent functional assays. Collectively, our experimental approaches and data advance the understanding of fetal skin immunity and potential use in future therapeutic interventions. Summary: This study provides versatile tools for the isolation, phenotyping and expansion of human fetal skin T cells, enabling the study of their complexity and heterogeneity allowing new research in skin development and immunity.
Author Krausgruber, Thomas
Ayub, Tanya
Fiala, Christian
Staller, Julia
Staud, Clement
Kienzl, Philip
Worda, Christof
Eppel, Wolfgang
Scharrer, Anke
Vieyra-Garcia, Pablo Augusto
Reitermaier, René
Fortelny, Nikolaus
Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Salzburg 5020 , Austria
9 CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences , Vienna , Austria
7 Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090 , Austria
8 Department of Pathology , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090 , Austria
4 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090 , Austria
5 Gynmed Clinic , Vienna 1150 , Austria
6 Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm 171 77 , Sweden
3 Department of Dermatology , Medical University of Graz , Graz 8036 , Austria
1 Department of Dermatology , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090 , Austria
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  surname: Worda
  fullname: Worda, Christof
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  givenname: Christian
  orcidid: 0000-0001-6451-7349
  surname: Fiala
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  orcidid: 0000-0001-9669-7989
  surname: Eppel
  fullname: Eppel, Wolfgang
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  givenname: Anke
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7368-3226
  surname: Scharrer
  fullname: Scharrer, Anke
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  orcidid: 0000-0003-2461-0367
  surname: Elbe-Bürger
  fullname: Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid
  organization: Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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Issue 8
Keywords Human
Flow cytometry
TCR
Confocal microscopy
Fetal
Single-cell RNA-sequencing
Skin
T cells
Language English
License 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.
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Snippet The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the skin at...
ABSTRACT The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells that are essential for skin homeostasis and pathogen defense. T cells are first observed in the...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Female
Fetus - cytology
Fetus - immunology
Flow Cytometry
Human Development
Humans
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Middle Aged
Skin - cytology
Skin - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - cytology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Title The molecular and phenotypic makeup of fetal human skin T lymphocytes
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34604909
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2579091497
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8601710
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