Improvement in the clinical manifestations of interstitial lung disease following treatment with placental mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles in a patient with systemic sclerosis: A case report

• Published in: Respiratory medicine case reports Vol. 46; p. 101923
• Main Authors: Assar, Shirin, Mohammadzadeh, Dena, Norooznezhad, Amir Hossein, Payandeh, Mehrdad, Hassaninia, Daryoush, Pournazari, Mehran, Soufivand, Parviz, Yarani, Reza, Mansouri, Kamran
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Case Report; Extracellular vesicles; Interstitial lung disease; Mesenchymal stromal cells; Systemic sclerosis; Mesenchymal stromal cells; Extracellular vesicles; Interstitial lung disease; Systemic sclerosis
• ISSN: 2213-0071; 2213-0071
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2023.101923

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe systemic sclerosis (SSc) complication with no current approved or golden standard treatment. This report aims to investigate the effectiveness of treatment with placental mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) in a patient with ILD due to SSc. The patient was a 55-year-old woman with a ten years history of SSc complicated by severe ILD. Over time, her lung disease progressed to interstitial fibrosis despite being treated with mycophenolate mofetil and monthly pulses of cyclophosphamide. Thus, she was treated with eight doses of placenta MSC-EVs. Four weeks after the third dose (Day 31 after the first dose), she reported marked improvement in her clinical symptoms, such as dyspnea and cough. Also, chest computed tomography (CT) scans demonstrated a significant reduction in ground glass consolidations and fibrotic changes. The patient was subsequently followed for twelve months, with findings showing significant improvement in exercise tolerance and reduced supplemental oxygen need. In this single case, placental MSC-EVs were seen to provide a potentially efficient treatment for SSc-related ILD; however, further investigation and clinical trials are necessary.