Toenail as Non-invasive Biomarker in Metal Toxicity Measurement of Welding Fumes Exposure - A Review

• Published in: IOP conference series. Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 165; no. 1; pp. 12019 - 12032
• Main Authors: Bakri, S F Z, Hariri, A, Ma'arop, N F, Hussin, N S A W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.01.2017
• Subjects: Biological effects; Biological properties; Biomarkers; Exposure; Heavy metals; Metals; Occupational health; Pollutants; Toxicity; Welding fumes; Welding machines

Workers are exposed to a variety of heavy metal pollutants that are released into the environment as a consequence of workplace activities. This chemical pollutants are incorporated into the human by varies of routes entry and can then be stored and distributed in different tissues, consequently hav...