Augmented Reality in Medical Practice: From Spine Surgery to Remote Assistance
Background: While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies...
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| Published in | Frontiers in surgery Vol. 8; p. 657901 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
30.03.2021
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Background:
While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and
ad-hoc
visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them.
Methods:
This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions.
Findings:
A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR.
Interpretation:
By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background:
While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and
ad-hoc
visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them.
Methods:
This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions.
Findings:
A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR.
Interpretation:
By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure. Background: While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and ad-hoc visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them. Methods: This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions. Findings: A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR. Interpretation: By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure.Background: While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and ad-hoc visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them. Methods: This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions. Findings: A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR. Interpretation: By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure. While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them. This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions. A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR. By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure. Background: While performing surgeries in the OR, surgeons and assistants often need to access several information regarding surgical planning and/or procedures related to the surgery itself, or the accessory equipment to perform certain operations. The accessibility of this information often relies on the physical presence of technical and medical specialists in the OR, which is increasingly difficult due to the number of limitations imposed by the COVID emergency to avoid overcrowded environments or external personnel. Here, we analyze several scenarios where we equipped OR personnel with augmented reality (AR) glasses, allowing a remote specialist to guide OR operations through voice and ad-hoc visuals, superimposed to the field of view of the operator wearing them.Methods: This study is a preliminary case series of prospective collected data about the use of AR-assistance in spine surgery from January to July 2020. The technology has been used on a cohort of 12 patients affected by degenerative lumbar spine disease with lumbar sciatica co-morbidities. Surgeons and OR specialists were equipped with AR devices, customized with P2P videoconference commercial apps, or customized holographic apps. The devices were tested during surgeries for lumbar arthrodesis in a multicenter experience involving author's Institutions.Findings: A total number of 12 lumbar arthrodesis have been performed while using the described AR technology, with application spanning from telementoring (3), teaching (2), surgical planning superimposition and interaction with the hologram using a custom application for Microsoft hololens (1). Surgeons wearing the AR goggles reported a positive feedback as for the ergonomy, wearability and comfort during the procedure; being able to visualize a 3D reconstruction during surgery was perceived as a straightforward benefit, allowing to speed-up procedures, thus limiting post-operational complications. The possibility of remotely interacting with a specialist on the glasses was a potent added value during COVID emergency, due to limited access of non-resident personnel in the OR.Interpretation: By allowing surgeons to overlay digital medical content on actual surroundings, augmented reality surgery can be exploited easily in multiple scenarios by adapting commercially available or custom-made apps to several use cases. The possibility to observe directly the operatory theater through the eyes of the surgeon might be a game-changer, giving the chance to unexperienced surgeons to be virtually at the site of the operation, or allowing a remote experienced operator to guide wisely the unexperienced surgeon during a procedure. |
| Author | Di Perna, Giuseppe Zenga, Francesco Damiani, Luca Garbossa, Diego Zullo, Nicola Boges, Daniya J. Bozzaro, Marco Longo, Alessandro Cavalieri, Matteo Agus, Marco Cofano, Fabio Calì, Corrado Marengo, Nicola |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Spine Surgery Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo , Turin , Italy 10 Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” University of Torino , Turin , Italy 3 Spine Surgery Unit, Humanitas Cellini , Turin , Italy 5 Intravides SRL, Palazzo degli Istituti Anatomici , Turin , Italy 7 BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal , Saudi Arabia 8 College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University , Doha , Qatar 6 LD Consulting , Chiavari , Italy 9 Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi , Orbassano , Italy 4 Spine Surgery Unit, Casa di Cura Città di Bra , Bra , Italy 1 Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” University of Torino , Turin , Italy |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Spine Surgery Unit, Casa di Cura Città di Bra , Bra , Italy – name: 6 LD Consulting , Chiavari , Italy – name: 2 Spine Surgery Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo , Turin , Italy – name: 3 Spine Surgery Unit, Humanitas Cellini , Turin , Italy – name: 5 Intravides SRL, Palazzo degli Istituti Anatomici , Turin , Italy – name: 9 Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi , Orbassano , Italy – name: 8 College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University , Doha , Qatar – name: 10 Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” University of Torino , Turin , Italy – name: 1 Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” University of Torino , Turin , Italy – name: 7 BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal , Saudi Arabia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Fabio surname: Cofano fullname: Cofano, Fabio – sequence: 2 givenname: Giuseppe surname: Di Perna fullname: Di Perna, Giuseppe – sequence: 3 givenname: Marco surname: Bozzaro fullname: Bozzaro, Marco – sequence: 4 givenname: Alessandro surname: Longo fullname: Longo, Alessandro – sequence: 5 givenname: Nicola surname: Marengo fullname: Marengo, Nicola – sequence: 6 givenname: Francesco surname: Zenga fullname: Zenga, Francesco – sequence: 7 givenname: Nicola surname: Zullo fullname: Zullo, Nicola – sequence: 8 givenname: Matteo surname: Cavalieri fullname: Cavalieri, Matteo – sequence: 9 givenname: Luca surname: Damiani fullname: Damiani, Luca – sequence: 10 givenname: Daniya J. surname: Boges fullname: Boges, Daniya J. – sequence: 11 givenname: Marco surname: Agus fullname: Agus, Marco – sequence: 12 givenname: Diego surname: Garbossa fullname: Garbossa, Diego – sequence: 13 givenname: Corrado surname: Calì fullname: Calì, Corrado |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33859995$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Cofano, Di Perna, Bozzaro, Longo, Marengo, Zenga, Zullo, Cavalieri, Damiani, Boges, Agus, Garbossa and Calì. Copyright © 2021 Cofano, Di Perna, Bozzaro, Longo, Marengo, Zenga, Zullo, Cavalieri, Damiani, Boges, Agus, Garbossa and Calì. 2021 Cofano, Di Perna, Bozzaro, Longo, Marengo, Zenga, Zullo, Cavalieri, Damiani, Boges, Agus, Garbossa and Calì |
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| Keywords | hologram 3D display COVID emergency AR surgery spine surgery augmented reality remote assistance remote proctor telementoring and surgery |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2021 Cofano, Di Perna, Bozzaro, Longo, Marengo, Zenga, Zullo, Cavalieri, Damiani, Boges, Agus, Garbossa and Calì. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Ismail Mohd Saiboon, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia Reviewed by: Gregory Fabrice Jost, University of Basel, Switzerland; Prashanth J. Rao, University of New South Wales, Australia This article was submitted to Neurosurgery, a section of the journal Frontiers in Surgery |
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| Title | Augmented Reality in Medical Practice: From Spine Surgery to Remote Assistance |
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