The Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic su...
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| Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 12; p. 787797 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
09.12.2021
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| Abstract | Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 (
p
= 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of
Akkermansia muciniphila
and
Roseburia
, and the relative abundance of
Dialister
,
Butyrivibrio
, and
Paraprevotella
, and decreased unclassified
f-Sutterellaceae.
In the oat group,
Bifidobacterium
abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C (
p
= 0.01,
r
= −0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
(
p
= 0.02,
r
= −0.29;
p
= 0.03,
r
= −0.27, respectively).
Enterobacteriaceae
,
Roseburia
, and
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid (
p
= 0.02,
r
= −0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid (
p
= 0.03,
r
= 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome.
Akkermansia muciniphila
,
Roseburia
,
Bifidobacterium
, and
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
, and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 (p = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Roseburia, and the relative abundance of Dialister, Butyrivibrio, and Paraprevotella, and decreased unclassified f-Sutterellaceae. In the oat group, Bifidobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C (p = 0.01, r = -0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p = 0.02, r = -0.29; p = 0.03, r = -0.27, respectively). Enterobacteriaceae, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid (p = 0.02, r = -0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid (p = 0.03, r = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. Akkermansia muciniphila, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect.Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 (p = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Roseburia, and the relative abundance of Dialister, Butyrivibrio, and Paraprevotella, and decreased unclassified f-Sutterellaceae. In the oat group, Bifidobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C (p = 0.01, r = -0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p = 0.02, r = -0.29; p = 0.03, r = -0.27, respectively). Enterobacteriaceae, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid (p = 0.02, r = -0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid (p = 0.03, r = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. Akkermansia muciniphila, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect. Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 ( = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of and , and the relative abundance of , , and , and decreased unclassified In the oat group, abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C ( = 0.01, = -0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to ( = 0.02, = -0.29; = 0.03, = -0.27, respectively). , , and were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid ( = 0.02, = -0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid ( = 0.03, = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. , , , and , and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect. Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 ( p = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Roseburia , and the relative abundance of Dialister , Butyrivibrio , and Paraprevotella , and decreased unclassified f-Sutterellaceae. In the oat group, Bifidobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C ( p = 0.01, r = −0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ( p = 0.02, r = −0.29; p = 0.03, r = −0.27, respectively). Enterobacteriaceae , Roseburia , and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid ( p = 0.02, r = −0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid ( p = 0.03, r = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. Akkermansia muciniphila , Roseburia , Bifidobacterium , and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect. Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 (p = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Roseburia, and the relative abundance of Dialister, Butyrivibrio, and Paraprevotella, and decreased unclassified f-Sutterellaceae. In the oat group, Bifidobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C (p = 0.01, r = −0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p = 0.02, r = −0.29; p = 0.03, r = −0.27, respectively). Enterobacteriaceae, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid (p = 0.02, r = −0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid (p = 0.03, r = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. Akkermansia muciniphila, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect. |
| Author | Wang, Shaokang Sun, Guiju Zhou, Xirui Liu, Hechun Wang, Xin Yang, Xian Shete, Varsha Sun, Jianqin Chu, YiFang Lv, Na Feng, Meiyuan Pan, Da Yang, Yuexin Zhu, Baoli Kamil, Alison Yang, Chao Xu, Dengfeng Tuohy, Kieran M. Liu, Feng Xiong, Qian |
| AuthorAffiliation | 8 National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , China 5 CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China 7 Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University , Shanghai , China 1 Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China 2 Department of R&D Life Science, PepsiCo, Inc. , Shanghai , China 6 Department of Nutrition and Functional Food Research, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources , Beijing , China 4 Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Trento , Italy 3 Department of R&D Life Science, PepsiCo, Inc. , Barrington, IL , United States |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 6 Department of Nutrition and Functional Food Research, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources , Beijing , China – name: 7 Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University , Shanghai , China – name: 8 National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , China – name: 3 Department of R&D Life Science, PepsiCo, Inc. , Barrington, IL , United States – name: 5 CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China – name: 4 Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Trento , Italy – name: 1 Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , China – name: 2 Department of R&D Life Science, PepsiCo, Inc. , Shanghai , China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dengfeng surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Dengfeng – sequence: 2 givenname: Meiyuan surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Meiyuan – sequence: 3 givenname: YiFang surname: Chu fullname: Chu, YiFang – sequence: 4 givenname: Shaokang surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Shaokang – sequence: 5 givenname: Varsha surname: Shete fullname: Shete, Varsha – sequence: 6 givenname: Kieran M. surname: Tuohy fullname: Tuohy, Kieran M. – sequence: 7 givenname: Feng surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Feng – sequence: 8 givenname: Xirui surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Xirui – sequence: 9 givenname: Alison surname: Kamil fullname: Kamil, Alison – sequence: 10 givenname: Da surname: Pan fullname: Pan, Da – sequence: 11 givenname: Hechun surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Hechun – sequence: 12 givenname: Xian surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xian – sequence: 13 givenname: Chao surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Chao – sequence: 14 givenname: Baoli surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Baoli – sequence: 15 givenname: Na surname: Lv fullname: Lv, Na – sequence: 16 givenname: Qian surname: Xiong fullname: Xiong, Qian – sequence: 17 givenname: Xin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xin – sequence: 18 givenname: Jianqin surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Jianqin – sequence: 19 givenname: Guiju surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Guiju – sequence: 20 givenname: Yuexin surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Yuexin |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956218$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Xu, Feng, Chu, Wang, Shete, Tuohy, Liu, Zhou, Kamil, Pan, Liu, Yang, Yang, Zhu, Lv, Xiong, Wang, Sun, Sun and Yang. Copyright © 2021 Xu, Feng, Chu, Wang, Shete, Tuohy, Liu, Zhou, Kamil, Pan, Liu, Yang, Yang, Zhu, Lv, Xiong, Wang, Sun, Sun and Yang 2021 Xu, Feng, Chu, Wang, Shete, Tuohy, Liu, Zhou, Kamil, Pan, Liu, Yang, Yang, Zhu, Lv, Xiong, Wang, Sun, Sun and Yang |
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| Keywords | microbiota β-glucan cholesterol oat polyphenol short-chain fatty acids |
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| License | Copyright © 2021 Xu, Feng, Chu, Wang, Shete, Tuohy, Liu, Zhou, Kamil, Pan, Liu, Yang, Yang, Zhu, Lv, Xiong, Wang, Sun, Sun and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 Edited by: Alberto Finamore, Council for Agricultural and Economics Research (CREA), Italy Reviewed by: Marie Van Der Merwe, University of Memphis, United States; Huaxi Yi, Ocean University of China, China This article was submitted to Nutritional Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Avena Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - growth & development Bacteria - metabolism Beijing Biomarkers - blood cholesterol Dysbiosis Edible Grain Fatty Acids, Volatile - blood Female Gastrointestinal Microbiome Humans Hypercholesterolemia - blood Hypercholesterolemia - diagnosis Hypercholesterolemia - diet therapy Hypercholesterolemia - microbiology Immunology Lipids - blood Male microbiota Middle Aged oat Oryza polyphenol Prebiotics - administration & dosage short-chain fatty acids Single-Blind Method Time Factors Treatment Outcome β-glucan |
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| Title | The Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial |
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