Roles of Social Capital in the Association Between Internalized Homophobia and Condomless Sex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Southwest China: A Four-Way Decomposition
Objectives: This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and A...
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| Published in | International journal of public health Vol. 68; p. 1605202 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
20.01.2023
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| Abstract | Objectives:
This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC’s roles in the association between IH and condomless sex.
Results:
Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC’s domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC’s effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup.
Conclusion:
IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Objectives:
This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC’s roles in the association between IH and condomless sex.
Results:
Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC’s domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC’s effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup.
Conclusion:
IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup. This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC's roles in the association between IH and condomless sex. Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC's domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC's effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup. IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup. Objectives: This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC’s roles in the association between IH and condomless sex.Results: Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC’s domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC’s effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup.Conclusion: IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup. Objectives: This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC's roles in the association between IH and condomless sex. Results: Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC's domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC's effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup. Conclusion: IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup.Objectives: This study examined whether social capital (SC) mediated the association between internalized homophobia (IH) and condomless sex among men who have sex with men (MSM), with the interaction of SC and IH considered. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019 in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 540 participants were recruited to investigate their IH, SC, and condomless sex. A four-way decomposition of causal mediation analysis was used to test SC's roles in the association between IH and condomless sex. Results: Condomless sex was prevalent (46.7%) among the participants, which was significantly associated with IH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.70] and SC (OR = 0.55). A direct effect [excess risk ratio (RR = 0.32)] and an indirect effect (excess RR = 0.16) of SC were found to be significant in the association between IH and condomless sex. Heterogeneities in effects were observed when taking the SC's domains (e.g., individual and family-based SC) as mediators. SC's effects were significant only in the homosexual subgroup. Conclusion: IH-based intervention with consideration of SC can be tailored to MSM to decrease condomless sex and curb the spread of HIV, especially for the homosexual subgroup. |
| Author | Feng, Chuanteng Yang, Shujuan Wang, Zixin Yu, Bin Yang, Xue Zou, Huachun Jia, Peng |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care , Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China 3 Sichuan Research Center of Sexual Sociology and Sex Education , Chengdu , China 7 International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE) , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China 6 School of Resource and Environmental Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China 1 Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction , Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Chengdu , China 5 School of Public Health (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen , China 2 West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China 8 Department of Health Management Center , Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital , Chengdu University , Chengdu , China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care , Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China – name: 1 Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction , Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Chengdu , China – name: 3 Sichuan Research Center of Sexual Sociology and Sex Education , Chengdu , China – name: 6 School of Resource and Environmental Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China – name: 5 School of Public Health (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen , China – name: 7 International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE) , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China – name: 8 Department of Health Management Center , Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital , Chengdu University , Chengdu , China – name: 2 West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bin surname: Yu fullname: Yu, Bin – sequence: 2 givenname: Chuanteng surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Chuanteng – sequence: 3 givenname: Xue surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xue – sequence: 4 givenname: Zixin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Zixin – sequence: 5 givenname: Huachun surname: Zou fullname: Zou, Huachun – sequence: 6 givenname: Peng surname: Jia fullname: Jia, Peng – sequence: 7 givenname: Shujuan surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Shujuan |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2023 Yu, Feng, Yang, Wang, Zou, Jia and Yang. Copyright © 2023 Yu, Feng, Yang, Wang, Zou, Jia and Yang. 2023 Yu, Feng, Yang, Wang, Zou, Jia and Yang |
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| Keywords | mediation effect social capital internalized homophobia men who have sex with men condomless sex |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2023 Yu, Feng, Yang, Wang, Zou, Jia and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Yu-Te Huang, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Edited by: Sonja Merten, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Switzerland |
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| SubjectTerms | condomless sex Cross-Sectional Studies HIV Infections Homophobia Homosexuality, Male Humans internalized homophobia Male mediation effect men who have sex with men Public Health Archive Risk-Taking Sexual and Gender Minorities Sexual Behavior Social Capital Unsafe Sex |
| Title | Roles of Social Capital in the Association Between Internalized Homophobia and Condomless Sex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Southwest China: A Four-Way Decomposition |
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