Potential Mechanisms and Perspectives in Ischemic Stroke Treatment Using Stem Cell Therapies

Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and differentiate. Although several advances have been made in stroke therapies in the last decades, there are only a few approaches available to impr...

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Published inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology Vol. 9; p. 646927
Main Authors Zhou, Guoyang, Wang, Yongjie, Gao, Shiqi, Fu, Xiongjie, Cao, Yang, Peng, Yucong, Zhuang, Jianfeng, Hu, Junwen, Shao, Anwen, Wang, Lin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 01.04.2021
Subjects
Cell and Developmental Biology
cell therapy
clinical trial
ischemic stroke
regenerative medicine
stem cell
transplantation
clinical trial
stem cell
cell therapy
regenerative medicine
ischemic stroke
transplantation
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Abstract Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and differentiate. Although several advances have been made in stroke therapies in the last decades, there are only a few approaches available to improve IS outcome. In the acute phase of IS, mechanical thrombectomy and the administration of tissue plasminogen activator have been widely used, while aspirin or clopidogrel represents the main therapy used in the subacute or chronic phase. However, in most cases, stroke patients fail to achieve satisfactory functional recovery under the treatments mentioned above. Recently, cell therapy, especially stem cell therapy, has been considered as a novel and potential therapeutic strategy to improve stroke outcome through mechanisms, including cell differentiation, cell replacement, immunomodulation, neural circuit reconstruction, and protective factor release. Different stem cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, marrow mononuclear cells, and neural stem cells, have also been considered for stroke therapy. In recent years, many clinical and preclinical studies on cell therapy have been carried out, and numerous results have shown that cell therapy has bright prospects in the treatment of stroke. However, some cell therapy issues are not yet fully understood, such as its optimal parameters including cell type choice, cell doses, and injection routes; therefore, a closer relationship between basic and clinical research is needed. In this review, the role of cell therapy in stroke treatment and its mechanisms was summarized, as well as the function of different stem cell types in stroke treatment and the clinical trials using stem cell therapy to cure stroke, to reveal future insights on stroke-related cell therapy, and to guide further studies.
AbstractList Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and differentiate. Although several advances have been made in stroke therapies in the last decades, there are only a few approaches available to improve IS outcome. In the acute phase of IS, mechanical thrombectomy and the administration of tissue plasminogen activator have been widely used, while aspirin or clopidogrel represents the main therapy used in the subacute or chronic phase. However, in most cases, stroke patients fail to achieve satisfactory functional recovery under the treatments mentioned above. Recently, cell therapy, especially stem cell therapy, has been considered as a novel and potential therapeutic strategy to improve stroke outcome through mechanisms, including cell differentiation, cell replacement, immunomodulation, neural circuit reconstruction, and protective factor release. Different stem cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, marrow mononuclear cells, and neural stem cells, have also been considered for stroke therapy. In recent years, many clinical and preclinical studies on cell therapy have been carried out, and numerous results have shown that cell therapy has bright prospects in the treatment of stroke. However, some cell therapy issues are not yet fully understood, such as its optimal parameters including cell type choice, cell doses, and injection routes; therefore, a closer relationship between basic and clinical research is needed. In this review, the role of cell therapy in stroke treatment and its mechanisms was summarized, as well as the function of different stem cell types in stroke treatment and the clinical trials using stem cell therapy to cure stroke, to reveal future insights on stroke-related cell therapy, and to guide further studies.
Author Wang, Yongjie
Fu, Xiongjie
Cao, Yang
Zhuang, Jianfeng
Hu, Junwen
Wang, Lin
Peng, Yucong
Gao, Shiqi
Shao, Anwen
Zhou, Guoyang
AuthorAffiliation Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
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Keywords clinical trial
stem cell
cell therapy
regenerative medicine
ischemic stroke
transplantation
Language English
License Copyright © 2021 Zhou, Wang, Gao, Fu, Cao, Peng, Zhuang, Hu, Shao and Wang.
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These authors have contributed equally to this work
Reviewed by: Yilong Wang, Capital Medical University, China; Benedetta Bussolati, University of Turin, Italy
This article was submitted to Stem Cell Research, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Edited by: Zhiguo Chen, Capital Medical University, China
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Snippet Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and...
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pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
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SourceType Open Website
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StartPage 646927
SubjectTerms Cell and Developmental Biology
cell therapy
clinical trial
ischemic stroke
regenerative medicine
stem cell
transplantation
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Title Potential Mechanisms and Perspectives in Ischemic Stroke Treatment Using Stem Cell Therapies
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869200
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2515069306
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8047216
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Volume 9
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