Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients natura...
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Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 12; p. 670561 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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23.12.2021
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Abstract | Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of
from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection. |
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AbstractList | Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of
envs
from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of envs from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of envs from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection.Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of envs from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection. |
Author | Acharya, Priyamvada Mudrak, Sarah V Mansouri, Katayoun Dennison, S Moses Janowska, Katarzyna LaBranche, Celia C Hope, Thomas J Goodman, Derrick Zhang, Lu Eaton, Amanda Nyanhete, Tinashe E Tomaras, Georgia D Montefiori, David C Hora, Bhavna Georgiev, Ivelin S Edwards, Robert J Spreng, Rachel L Bradley, Todd Saunders, Kevin O |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 8 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 7 Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN , United States 1 Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 4 Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 3 Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 5 Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States 6 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL , United States |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 8 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 1 Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 4 Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 2 Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 5 Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 6 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL , United States – name: 3 Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , United States – name: 7 Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN , United States |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tinashe E surname: Nyanhete fullname: Nyanhete, Tinashe E organization: Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Robert J surname: Edwards fullname: Edwards, Robert J organization: Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Celia C surname: LaBranche fullname: LaBranche, Celia C organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Katayoun surname: Mansouri fullname: Mansouri, Katayoun organization: Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Amanda surname: Eaton fullname: Eaton, Amanda organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: S Moses surname: Dennison fullname: Dennison, S Moses organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Kevin O surname: Saunders fullname: Saunders, Kevin O organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 8 givenname: Derrick surname: Goodman fullname: Goodman, Derrick organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Katarzyna surname: Janowska fullname: Janowska, Katarzyna organization: Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Rachel L surname: Spreng fullname: Spreng, Rachel L organization: Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 11 givenname: Lu surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Lu organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 12 givenname: Sarah V surname: Mudrak fullname: Mudrak, Sarah V organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 13 givenname: Thomas J surname: Hope fullname: Hope, Thomas J organization: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States – sequence: 14 givenname: Bhavna surname: Hora fullname: Hora, Bhavna organization: Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 15 givenname: Todd surname: Bradley fullname: Bradley, Todd organization: Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 16 givenname: Ivelin S surname: Georgiev fullname: Georgiev, Ivelin S organization: Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States – sequence: 17 givenname: David C surname: Montefiori fullname: Montefiori, David C organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 18 givenname: Priyamvada surname: Acharya fullname: Acharya, Priyamvada organization: Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States – sequence: 19 givenname: Georgia D surname: Tomaras fullname: Tomaras, Georgia D organization: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Nyanhete, Edwards, LaBranche, Mansouri, Eaton, Dennison, Saunders, Goodman, Janowska, Spreng, Zhang, Mudrak, Hope, Hora, Bradley, Georgiev, Montefiori, Acharya and Tomaras. Copyright © 2021 Nyanhete, Edwards, LaBranche, Mansouri, Eaton, Dennison, Saunders, Goodman, Janowska, Spreng, Zhang, Mudrak, Hope, Hora, Bradley, Georgiev, Montefiori, Acharya and Tomaras 2021 Nyanhete, Edwards, LaBranche, Mansouri, Eaton, Dennison, Saunders, Goodman, Janowska, Spreng, Zhang, Mudrak, Hope, Hora, Bradley, Georgiev, Montefiori, Acharya and Tomaras |
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Keywords | negative-stain electron microscopy antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) CD4-binding site antibodies neutralization fingerprinting assay broadly neutralizing antibodies HIV-1 Virus Controllers |
Language | English |
License | Copyright © 2021 Nyanhete, Edwards, LaBranche, Mansouri, Eaton, Dennison, Saunders, Goodman, Janowska, Spreng, Zhang, Mudrak, Hope, Hora, Bradley, Georgiev, Montefiori, Acharya and Tomaras. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors share senior authorship Present address: Todd Bradley, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, MO, United States Edited by: Markus Haug, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway Reviewed by: Steven William De Taeye, Academic Medical Center, Netherlands; Ujjwal Rathore, University of California, San Francisco, United States This article was submitted to Viral Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology |
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SubjectTerms | Antibody Specificity antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) Binding Sites, Antibody broadly neutralizing antibodies Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies - immunology CD4 Antigens - immunology CD4 Antigens - metabolism CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-binding site antibodies Epitope Mapping Epitopes - immunology Female Genes, env HIV Antibodies - immunology HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - immunology HIV Infections - immunology HIV-1 - immunology HIV-1 Virus Controllers HLA-B Antigens - immunology Humans Immune Evasion Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - immunology Immunoglobulin Fragments - immunology Immunology Male Models, Molecular negative-stain electron microscopy neutralization fingerprinting assay Peptide Fragments - immunology Phagocytosis Protein Domains Recombinant Proteins - immunology Survivors Viral Load Viremia - immunology |
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Title | Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers |
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