Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep
Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis o...
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| Published in | Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 13; p. 859601 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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13.04.2022
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| Abstract | Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model. The results showed that morphological structure of rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep in cold season had adaptive changes. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene-
expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites;
gene expression was upregulated and
gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. This study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation. |
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| AbstractList | Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model. The results showed that morphological structure of rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep in cold season had adaptive changes. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene-
GSTM3
expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites;
TLR5
gene expression was upregulated and
CD14
gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. This study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation. Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model. The results showed that morphological structure of rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep in cold season had adaptive changes. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene-GSTM3 expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites; TLR5 gene expression was upregulated and CD14 gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. This study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation. Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model. The results showed that morphological structure of rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep in cold season had adaptive changes. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene- expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites; gene expression was upregulated and gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. This study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation. |
| Author | Luo, Yuzhu Liu, Xiu Sha, Yuzhu Hu, Jiang Cao, Guizhong Li, Shaobin Lv, Weibing Guo, Xinyu Wang, Jiqing Pu, Xiaoning |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station in Huangyuan County , Xining , China 1 Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , China – name: 2 Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station in Huangyuan County , Xining , China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiu surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xiu organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Yuzhu surname: Sha fullname: Sha, Yuzhu organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Weibing surname: Lv fullname: Lv, Weibing organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Guizhong surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Guizhong organization: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station in Huangyuan County, Xining, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Xinyu surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Xinyu organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Xiaoning surname: Pu fullname: Pu, Xiaoning organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Jiqing surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jiqing organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Shaobin surname: Li fullname: Li, Shaobin organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Jiang surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Jiang organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Yuzhu surname: Luo fullname: Luo, Yuzhu organization: Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2022 Liu, Sha, Lv, Cao, Guo, Pu, Wang, Li, Hu and Luo. Copyright © 2022 Liu, Sha, Lv, Cao, Guo, Pu, Wang, Li, Hu and Luo. 2022 Liu, Sha, Lv, Cao, Guo, Pu, Wang, Li, Hu and Luo |
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| Keywords | cold season microorganism transcriptome metabolome rumen Tibetan sheep |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2022 Liu, Sha, Lv, Cao, Guo, Pu, Wang, Li, Hu and Luo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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| Title | Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep |
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