Impairments in Learning by Monetary Rewards and Alcohol-Associated Rewards in Detoxified Alcoholic Patients
Background Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further i...
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| Published in | Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research Vol. 38; no. 7; pp. 1947 - 1954 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.07.2014
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Background
Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further investigating reward‐based associative learning and reversal learning in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients.
Methods
Twenty‐one detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients and 26 healthy control subjects participated in a probabilistic learning task using monetary and alcohol‐associated rewards as feedback stimuli indicating correct responses. Performance during acquisition and reversal learning in the different feedback conditions was analyzed.
Results
Alcohol‐dependent patients and healthy control subjects showed an increase in learning performance over learning blocks during acquisition, with learning performance being significantly lower in alcohol‐dependent patients. After changing the contingencies, alcohol‐dependent patients exhibited impaired reversal learning and showed, in contrast to healthy controls, different learning curves for different types of rewards with no increase in performance for high monetary and alcohol‐associated feedback.
Conclusions
The present findings provide evidence that dysfunctional processing in the reward system in alcohol‐dependent patients leads to alterations in reward‐based learning resulting in a generally reduced performance. In addition, the results suggest that alcohol‐dependent patients are, in particular, more impaired in changing an established behavior originally reinforced by high rewards. |
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| AbstractList | Background
Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further investigating reward‐based associative learning and reversal learning in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients.
Methods
Twenty‐one detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients and 26 healthy control subjects participated in a probabilistic learning task using monetary and alcohol‐associated rewards as feedback stimuli indicating correct responses. Performance during acquisition and reversal learning in the different feedback conditions was analyzed.
Results
Alcohol‐dependent patients and healthy control subjects showed an increase in learning performance over learning blocks during acquisition, with learning performance being significantly lower in alcohol‐dependent patients. After changing the contingencies, alcohol‐dependent patients exhibited impaired reversal learning and showed, in contrast to healthy controls, different learning curves for different types of rewards with no increase in performance for high monetary and alcohol‐associated feedback.
Conclusions
The present findings provide evidence that dysfunctional processing in the reward system in alcohol‐dependent patients leads to alterations in reward‐based learning resulting in a generally reduced performance. In addition, the results suggest that alcohol‐dependent patients are, in particular, more impaired in changing an established behavior originally reinforced by high rewards. Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further investigating reward-based associative learning and reversal learning in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients. Twenty-one detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and 26 healthy control subjects participated in a probabilistic learning task using monetary and alcohol-associated rewards as feedback stimuli indicating correct responses. Performance during acquisition and reversal learning in the different feedback conditions was analyzed. Alcohol-dependent patients and healthy control subjects showed an increase in learning performance over learning blocks during acquisition, with learning performance being significantly lower in alcohol-dependent patients. After changing the contingencies, alcohol-dependent patients exhibited impaired reversal learning and showed, in contrast to healthy controls, different learning curves for different types of rewards with no increase in performance for high monetary and alcohol-associated feedback. The present findings provide evidence that dysfunctional processing in the reward system in alcohol-dependent patients leads to alterations in reward-based learning resulting in a generally reduced performance. In addition, the results suggest that alcohol-dependent patients are, in particular, more impaired in changing an established behavior originally reinforced by high rewards. Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further investigating reward-based associative learning and reversal learning in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients.BACKGROUNDExcessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It has been suggested that neural processing in the reward system is also affected by alcoholism. The present study aimed at further investigating reward-based associative learning and reversal learning in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients.Twenty-one detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and 26 healthy control subjects participated in a probabilistic learning task using monetary and alcohol-associated rewards as feedback stimuli indicating correct responses. Performance during acquisition and reversal learning in the different feedback conditions was analyzed.METHODSTwenty-one detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and 26 healthy control subjects participated in a probabilistic learning task using monetary and alcohol-associated rewards as feedback stimuli indicating correct responses. Performance during acquisition and reversal learning in the different feedback conditions was analyzed.Alcohol-dependent patients and healthy control subjects showed an increase in learning performance over learning blocks during acquisition, with learning performance being significantly lower in alcohol-dependent patients. After changing the contingencies, alcohol-dependent patients exhibited impaired reversal learning and showed, in contrast to healthy controls, different learning curves for different types of rewards with no increase in performance for high monetary and alcohol-associated feedback.RESULTSAlcohol-dependent patients and healthy control subjects showed an increase in learning performance over learning blocks during acquisition, with learning performance being significantly lower in alcohol-dependent patients. After changing the contingencies, alcohol-dependent patients exhibited impaired reversal learning and showed, in contrast to healthy controls, different learning curves for different types of rewards with no increase in performance for high monetary and alcohol-associated feedback.The present findings provide evidence that dysfunctional processing in the reward system in alcohol-dependent patients leads to alterations in reward-based learning resulting in a generally reduced performance. In addition, the results suggest that alcohol-dependent patients are, in particular, more impaired in changing an established behavior originally reinforced by high rewards.CONCLUSIONSThe present findings provide evidence that dysfunctional processing in the reward system in alcohol-dependent patients leads to alterations in reward-based learning resulting in a generally reduced performance. In addition, the results suggest that alcohol-dependent patients are, in particular, more impaired in changing an established behavior originally reinforced by high rewards. |
| Author | Roser, Patrik Bellebaum, Christian Daum, Irene Jokisch, Daniel Juckel, Georg |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nicl_2015_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41380_023_02236_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuropharm_2017_01_031 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2015_10_024 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_024_03039_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s00213_016_4395_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbr_2024_114926 |
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| Keywords | Reward System Basal Ganglia Alcoholism Detoxification Reversal Learning |
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Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral... Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. It... |
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| SubjectTerms | Alcoholics - psychology Alcoholism Association Learning - drug effects Basal Ganglia Case-Control Studies Detoxification Female Humans Learning Disorders - chemically induced Learning Disorders - psychology Male Middle Aged Reversal Learning Reversal Learning - drug effects Reward Reward System |
| Title | Impairments in Learning by Monetary Rewards and Alcohol-Associated Rewards in Detoxified Alcoholic Patients |
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