Lack of Intensity Control during an Exercise Program Is Related to a Limited Effect on Variables Responsible for Blood Pressure Regulation in Hypertensive Older Adults

To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) perfor...

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Published inJournal of aging research Vol. 2024; no. 1; p. 3128257
Main Authors da Silva, Roberta Fernanda, Reia, Thaís Amanda, Jacomini, André Mourão, da Silva, Anderson Bernadino, Disessa, Henrique Dos Santos, Monteiro, Henrique Luiz, Zago, Anderson Saranz
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 27.06.2024
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Abstract To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.35), nitrite (NO : ≤ 0.000,  = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: ≤ 0.013,  = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: ≤ 0.007,  = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: ≤ 0.032,  = 0.41), double product (DP: ≤ 0.015,  = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI ( ≤ 0.047,  = 0.12), TBARS ( ≤ 0.000,  = 0.77), SOD ( ≤ 0.025,  = 0.25), DP ( ≤ 0.046,  = 0.26), and BMI ( ≤ 0.018,  = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO , TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
AbstractList To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p≤0.000, d = 0.35), nitrite (NO2−: p≤0.000, d = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p≤0.000, d = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p≤0.013, d = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p≤0.007, d = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p≤0.032, d = 0.41), double product (DP: p≤0.015, d = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: p≤0.000, d = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI (p≤0.047, d = 0.12), TBARS (p≤0.000, d = 0.77), SOD (p≤0.025, d = 0.25), DP (p≤0.046, d = 0.26), and BMI (p≤0.018, d = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO2−, TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
To compare the effect of an intensity‐controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity‐controlled exercise program (non‐ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.35), nitrite (NO 2 − : p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p ≤ 0.013, d = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p ≤ 0.007, d = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p ≤ 0.032, d = 0.41), double product (DP: p ≤ 0.015, d = 0.43), and waist‐hip ratio (WHR: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI ( p ≤ 0.047, d = 0.12), TBARS ( p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.77), SOD ( p ≤ 0.025, d = 0.25), DP ( p ≤ 0.046, d = 0.26), and BMI ( p ≤ 0.018, d = 0.02) presented better results in non‐ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO 2 − , TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non‐ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled‐intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p ≤ 0.000, d  = 0.35), nitrite (NO 2 − : p ≤ 0.000, d  = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p ≤ 0.000, d  = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p ≤ 0.013, d  = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p ≤ 0.007, d  = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p ≤ 0.032, d  = 0.41), double product (DP: p ≤ 0.015, d  = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: p ≤ 0.000, d  = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI ( p ≤ 0.047, d  = 0.12), TBARS ( p ≤ 0.000, d  = 0.77), SOD ( p ≤ 0.025, d  = 0.25), DP ( p ≤ 0.046, d  = 0.26), and BMI ( p ≤ 0.018, d  = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO 2 − , TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.35), nitrite (NO2 -: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p ≤ 0.013, d = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p ≤ 0.007, d = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p ≤ 0.032, d = 0.41), double product (DP: p ≤ 0.015, d = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI (p ≤ 0.047, d = 0.12), TBARS (p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.77), SOD (p ≤ 0.025, d = 0.25), DP (p ≤ 0.046, d = 0.26), and BMI (p ≤ 0.018, d = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO2 -, TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.35), nitrite (NO2 -: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p ≤ 0.013, d = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p ≤ 0.007, d = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p ≤ 0.032, d = 0.41), double product (DP: p ≤ 0.015, d = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI (p ≤ 0.047, d = 0.12), TBARS (p ≤ 0.000, d = 0.77), SOD (p ≤ 0.025, d = 0.25), DP (p ≤ 0.046, d = 0.26), and BMI (p ≤ 0.018, d = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO2 -, TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40±7.48years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: p≤0.000, d=0.35), nitrite (NO[sub.2][sup.-]: p≤0.000, d=0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: p≤0.000, d=0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: p≤0.013, d=0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: p≤0.007, d=0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: p≤0.032, d=0.41), double product (DP: p≤0.015, d=0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: p≤0.000, d=0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI (p≤0.047, d=0.12), TBARS (p≤0.000, d=0.77), SOD (p≤0.025, d=0.25), DP (p≤0.046, d=0.26), and BMI (p≤0.018, d=0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO[sub.2][sup.-], TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible for blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. 95 hypertensive older adults (65.40 ± 7.48 years/22 males and 73 females) performed hemodynamic, functional fitness, and biochemical evaluations before and after 12 weeks of the multicomponent exercises which included walking, muscle strength, hydrogymnastics, Pilates, dynamic balance, agility, flexibility, and others. A significant improvement was observed in general functional fitness index (GFFI: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.35), nitrite (NO : ≤ 0.000,  = 0.49), systolic blood pressure (SBP: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.65), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: ≤ 0.013,  = 0.40), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS: ≤ 0.007,  = 0.78), activity of the endothelial superoxide dismutase enzyme (ecSOD: ≤ 0.032,  = 0.41), double product (DP: ≤ 0.015,  = 0.43), and waist-hip ratio (WHR: ≤ 0.000,  = 0.44) for ICEP. Only GFFI ( ≤ 0.047,  = 0.12), TBARS ( ≤ 0.000,  = 0.77), SOD ( ≤ 0.025,  = 0.25), DP ( ≤ 0.046,  = 0.26), and BMI ( ≤ 0.018,  = 0.02) presented better results in non-ICEP. When the effect of the groups (controlled by age, BMI, and sex) was evaluated, an increase was observed in the NO , TBARS, and SOD and a reduction in the SBP and WHR variables in the ICEP group compared to the non-ICEP group. Twelve weeks of engagement in a controlled-intensity exercise program was enough to improve the level of functional fitness and variables regarding blood pressure regulation in hypertensive older adults. Conversely, physical exercise performed without intensity control was related to the limited effect on such variables.
Audience Academic
Author Disessa, Henrique Dos Santos
Monteiro, Henrique Luiz
da Silva, Roberta Fernanda
Jacomini, André Mourão
da Silva, Anderson Bernadino
Reia, Thaís Amanda
Zago, Anderson Saranz
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Physical Education, Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Aging and Exercise Studies (CEDEE), School of Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru, Brazil
1 Department of Physical Education, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru, Brazil
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38966709$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2024 Roberta Fernanda da Silva et al.
COPYRIGHT 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Copyright © 2024 Roberta Fernanda da Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Copyright © 2024 Roberta Fernanda da Silva et al. 2024
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– notice: COPYRIGHT 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
– notice: Copyright © 2024 Roberta Fernanda da Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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Snippet To compare the effect of an intensity-controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity-controlled exercise program (non-ICEP) on the variables responsible...
To compare the effect of an intensity‐controlled exercise program (ICEP) and a nonintensity‐controlled exercise program (non‐ICEP) on the variables responsible...
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SubjectTerms Aged
Antihypertensives
Biological products
Blood pressure
Enzymes
Exercise
Exercise intensity
Heart rate
Hypertension
Muscle strength
Older people
Oxidative stress
Participation
Physical education
Physical fitness
Professionals
Regulation
Superoxide
Variables
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Title Lack of Intensity Control during an Exercise Program Is Related to a Limited Effect on Variables Responsible for Blood Pressure Regulation in Hypertensive Older Adults
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