The role of c‐kit‐positive interstitial cells in mediating phasic contractions of bladder strips from streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Although the functional significance of ICCs in the bladder is still not clear, they have been linked with detrusor overactivity. In this study we demonstrate the presence of c‐kit positive interstitial cells in rat urinary bladder for the fi...
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Published in | BJU international Vol. 107; no. 9; pp. 1480 - 1487 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.05.2011
Wiley-Blackwell |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1464-4096 1464-410X 1464-410X |
DOI | 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09507.x |
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Abstract | What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?
Although the functional significance of ICCs in the bladder is still not clear, they have been linked with detrusor overactivity. In this study we demonstrate the presence of c‐kit positive interstitial cells in rat urinary bladder for the first time and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these cells does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state.
OBJECTIVE
•
To investigate the role of c‐kit‐positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips from streptozotocin(STZ)‐induced diabetic rats and to confirm the expression and location of ICCs in the rat bladder.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
•
Bladders were removed from STZ‐induced diabetic rats at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes and from age‐matched controls.
•
To investigate the functional role of ICCs in mediating phasic contractions, bladder strips were isolated from control and diabetic rats and mounted in tissue baths.
•
Strips were stimulated with low concentrations of the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCH; 0.1 µm) to induce phasic contractions and the effect of increasing concentrations (1–50 µm) of imatinib (Glivec® or Gleevec®, formerly STI571), a c‐kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was then investigated.
•
For molecular studies, to detect expression of the c‐kit tyrosine kinase receptor (c‐kit), total cellular RNA was extracted from rat bladders and reverse‐transcribed to obtain complementary DNA (cDNA).
•
Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was then performed using primers specific to the c‐kit sequence and amplified products separated by agarose gel electrophoresis.
•
Amplified PCR products were excised from the gel, sequenced and compared with the known c‐kit sequence to confirm their identity.
•
For immunohistochemical detection, whole mount preparations of control rat bladders were fixed in acetone and labelled using antibodies directed to the ICC marker c‐kit.
RESULTS
•
In functional studies, CCH induced phasic contractions in bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. Bladder strips from 1‐week diabetic rats showed CCH‐induced phasic contractions, which were greater in amplitude, but had lower frequency, than the controls, whilst no such differences were apparent at later time points of diabetes.
•
Imatinib decreased the amplitude and the frequency of the CCH‐induced phasic contractions in both control and diabetic tissues in a concentration‐dependent manner, although in diabetic tissues this effect was only seen at the higher concentrations of imatinib. RT‐PCR of bladder cDNA yielded a single amplicon of 480 bp.
•
The sequence of this amplicon showed a 98% homology with the published c‐kit sequence, thus confirming c‐kit mRNA expression in both control and 1‐week diabetic rat bladder.
•
Expression of c‐kit protein was also detected in a network of cells on the edge of and between smooth muscle bundles of control rat bladders by positive immunoreactivity to c‐kit specific antibodies.
CONCLUSION
•
These data show the presence of c‐kit‐positive ICCs in rat urinary bladder and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these ICCs does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state. |
---|---|
AbstractList | What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?
Although the functional significance of ICCs in the bladder is still not clear, they have been linked with detrusor overactivity. In this study we demonstrate the presence of c‐kit positive interstitial cells in rat urinary bladder for the first time and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these cells does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state.
OBJECTIVE
•
To investigate the role of c‐kit‐positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips from streptozotocin(STZ)‐induced diabetic rats and to confirm the expression and location of ICCs in the rat bladder.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
•
Bladders were removed from STZ‐induced diabetic rats at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes and from age‐matched controls.
•
To investigate the functional role of ICCs in mediating phasic contractions, bladder strips were isolated from control and diabetic rats and mounted in tissue baths.
•
Strips were stimulated with low concentrations of the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCH; 0.1 µm) to induce phasic contractions and the effect of increasing concentrations (1–50 µm) of imatinib (Glivec® or Gleevec®, formerly STI571), a c‐kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was then investigated.
•
For molecular studies, to detect expression of the c‐kit tyrosine kinase receptor (c‐kit), total cellular RNA was extracted from rat bladders and reverse‐transcribed to obtain complementary DNA (cDNA).
•
Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was then performed using primers specific to the c‐kit sequence and amplified products separated by agarose gel electrophoresis.
•
Amplified PCR products were excised from the gel, sequenced and compared with the known c‐kit sequence to confirm their identity.
•
For immunohistochemical detection, whole mount preparations of control rat bladders were fixed in acetone and labelled using antibodies directed to the ICC marker c‐kit.
RESULTS
•
In functional studies, CCH induced phasic contractions in bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. Bladder strips from 1‐week diabetic rats showed CCH‐induced phasic contractions, which were greater in amplitude, but had lower frequency, than the controls, whilst no such differences were apparent at later time points of diabetes.
•
Imatinib decreased the amplitude and the frequency of the CCH‐induced phasic contractions in both control and diabetic tissues in a concentration‐dependent manner, although in diabetic tissues this effect was only seen at the higher concentrations of imatinib. RT‐PCR of bladder cDNA yielded a single amplicon of 480 bp.
•
The sequence of this amplicon showed a 98% homology with the published c‐kit sequence, thus confirming c‐kit mRNA expression in both control and 1‐week diabetic rat bladder.
•
Expression of c‐kit protein was also detected in a network of cells on the edge of and between smooth muscle bundles of control rat bladders by positive immunoreactivity to c‐kit specific antibodies.
CONCLUSION
•
These data show the presence of c‐kit‐positive ICCs in rat urinary bladder and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor‐induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these ICCs does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state. • To investigate the role of c-kit-positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips from streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats and to confirm the expression and location of ICCs in the rat bladder. • Bladders were removed from STZ-induced diabetic rats at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes and from age-matched controls. • To investigate the functional role of ICCs in mediating phasic contractions, bladder strips were isolated from control and diabetic rats and mounted in tissue baths. • Strips were stimulated with low concentrations of the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCH; 0.1 µm) to induce phasic contractions and the effect of increasing concentrations (1-50 µm) of imatinib (Glivec® or Gleevec®, formerly STI571), a c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was then investigated. • For molecular studies, to detect expression of the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor (c-kit), total cellular RNA was extracted from rat bladders and reverse-transcribed to obtain complementary DNA (cDNA). • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was then performed using primers specific to the c-kit sequence and amplified products separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. • Amplified PCR products were excised from the gel, sequenced and compared with the known c-kit sequence to confirm their identity. • For immunohistochemical detection, whole mount preparations of control rat bladders were fixed in acetone and labelled using antibodies directed to the ICC marker c-kit. • In functional studies, CCH induced phasic contractions in bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. Bladder strips from 1-week diabetic rats showed CCH-induced phasic contractions, which were greater in amplitude, but had lower frequency, than the controls, whilst no such differences were apparent at later time points of diabetes. • Imatinib decreased the amplitude and the frequency of the CCH-induced phasic contractions in both control and diabetic tissues in a concentration-dependent manner, although in diabetic tissues this effect was only seen at the higher concentrations of imatinib. RT-PCR of bladder cDNA yielded a single amplicon of 480 bp. • The sequence of this amplicon showed a 98% homology with the published c-kit sequence, thus confirming c-kit mRNA expression in both control and 1-week diabetic rat bladder. • Expression of c-kit protein was also detected in a network of cells on the edge of and between smooth muscle bundles of control rat bladders by positive immunoreactivity to c-kit specific antibodies. • These data show the presence of c-kit-positive ICCs in rat urinary bladder and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these ICCs does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state. • To investigate the role of c-kit-positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips from streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats and to confirm the expression and location of ICCs in the rat bladder.OBJECTIVE• To investigate the role of c-kit-positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips from streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats and to confirm the expression and location of ICCs in the rat bladder.• Bladders were removed from STZ-induced diabetic rats at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes and from age-matched controls. • To investigate the functional role of ICCs in mediating phasic contractions, bladder strips were isolated from control and diabetic rats and mounted in tissue baths. • Strips were stimulated with low concentrations of the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCH; 0.1 µm) to induce phasic contractions and the effect of increasing concentrations (1-50 µm) of imatinib (Glivec® or Gleevec®, formerly STI571), a c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was then investigated. • For molecular studies, to detect expression of the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor (c-kit), total cellular RNA was extracted from rat bladders and reverse-transcribed to obtain complementary DNA (cDNA). • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was then performed using primers specific to the c-kit sequence and amplified products separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. • Amplified PCR products were excised from the gel, sequenced and compared with the known c-kit sequence to confirm their identity. • For immunohistochemical detection, whole mount preparations of control rat bladders were fixed in acetone and labelled using antibodies directed to the ICC marker c-kit.MATERIALS AND METHODS• Bladders were removed from STZ-induced diabetic rats at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes and from age-matched controls. • To investigate the functional role of ICCs in mediating phasic contractions, bladder strips were isolated from control and diabetic rats and mounted in tissue baths. • Strips were stimulated with low concentrations of the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCH; 0.1 µm) to induce phasic contractions and the effect of increasing concentrations (1-50 µm) of imatinib (Glivec® or Gleevec®, formerly STI571), a c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was then investigated. • For molecular studies, to detect expression of the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor (c-kit), total cellular RNA was extracted from rat bladders and reverse-transcribed to obtain complementary DNA (cDNA). • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was then performed using primers specific to the c-kit sequence and amplified products separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. • Amplified PCR products were excised from the gel, sequenced and compared with the known c-kit sequence to confirm their identity. • For immunohistochemical detection, whole mount preparations of control rat bladders were fixed in acetone and labelled using antibodies directed to the ICC marker c-kit.• In functional studies, CCH induced phasic contractions in bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. Bladder strips from 1-week diabetic rats showed CCH-induced phasic contractions, which were greater in amplitude, but had lower frequency, than the controls, whilst no such differences were apparent at later time points of diabetes. • Imatinib decreased the amplitude and the frequency of the CCH-induced phasic contractions in both control and diabetic tissues in a concentration-dependent manner, although in diabetic tissues this effect was only seen at the higher concentrations of imatinib. RT-PCR of bladder cDNA yielded a single amplicon of 480 bp. • The sequence of this amplicon showed a 98% homology with the published c-kit sequence, thus confirming c-kit mRNA expression in both control and 1-week diabetic rat bladder. • Expression of c-kit protein was also detected in a network of cells on the edge of and between smooth muscle bundles of control rat bladders by positive immunoreactivity to c-kit specific antibodies.RESULTS• In functional studies, CCH induced phasic contractions in bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. Bladder strips from 1-week diabetic rats showed CCH-induced phasic contractions, which were greater in amplitude, but had lower frequency, than the controls, whilst no such differences were apparent at later time points of diabetes. • Imatinib decreased the amplitude and the frequency of the CCH-induced phasic contractions in both control and diabetic tissues in a concentration-dependent manner, although in diabetic tissues this effect was only seen at the higher concentrations of imatinib. RT-PCR of bladder cDNA yielded a single amplicon of 480 bp. • The sequence of this amplicon showed a 98% homology with the published c-kit sequence, thus confirming c-kit mRNA expression in both control and 1-week diabetic rat bladder. • Expression of c-kit protein was also detected in a network of cells on the edge of and between smooth muscle bundles of control rat bladders by positive immunoreactivity to c-kit specific antibodies.• These data show the presence of c-kit-positive ICCs in rat urinary bladder and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these ICCs does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state.CONCLUSION• These data show the presence of c-kit-positive ICCs in rat urinary bladder and their importance in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of bladder strips from control and diabetic rats. The role of these ICCs does not seem to be significantly altered by the diabetic state. |
Author | McKay, Neil G. Vahabi, Bahareh Sellers, Donna J. Lawson, Kim |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bahareh surname: Vahabi fullname: Vahabi, Bahareh – sequence: 2 givenname: Neil G. surname: McKay fullname: McKay, Neil G. – sequence: 3 givenname: Kim surname: Lawson fullname: Lawson, Kim – sequence: 4 givenname: Donna J. surname: Sellers fullname: Sellers, Donna J. |
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Keywords | Endocrinopathy Antineoplastic agent Animal model Nephrology Rat Urology rat bladder Urinary bladder Protein-tyrosine kinase kit Gene Streptozotocin Protooncogene Cell contraction Imatinib Enzyme Tyrosine kinase inhibitor c-kit Transferases Diabetes mellitus Rodentia Enzyme inhibitor interstitial cells Interstitial cell Vertebrata Antibiotic Mammalia Urinary system Animal Reagent strip C-Onc gene diabetes |
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Snippet | What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?
Although the functional significance of ICCs in the bladder is still not clear, they have been linked... • To investigate the role of c-kit-positive interstitial cells (ICCs) in mediating muscarinic receptor-induced phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Benzamides Biological and medical sciences c‐kit diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - physiopathology Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance imatinib Imatinib Mesylate Immunohistochemistry interstitial cells Interstitial Cells of Cajal - drug effects Interstitial Cells of Cajal - metabolism Interstitial Cells of Cajal - physiology Male Medical sciences Muscle Contraction - drug effects Muscle Contraction - physiology Muscle, Smooth - drug effects Muscle, Smooth - physiology Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases Piperazines - pharmacology Protein Kinase Inhibitors - pharmacology Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit - analysis Pyrimidines - pharmacology rat bladder Rats Rats, Wistar Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction streptozotocin Urinary Bladder - drug effects Urinary Bladder - physiology Urinary Bladder - physiopathology |
Title | The role of c‐kit‐positive interstitial cells in mediating phasic contractions of bladder strips from streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats |
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