A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis or Pericarditis

There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systemati...

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Published inAmerican journal of preventive medicine Vol. 64; no. 2; pp. 275 - 284
Main Authors Gao, Juan, Feng, Linya, Li, Yaru, Lowe, Scott, Guo, Zhichun, Bentley, Rachel, Xie, Chuman, Wu, Birong, Xie, Peng, Xia, Weihang, Ma, Shaodi, Liu, Haixia, Guo, Xianwei, Uy, John Patrick N., Zhou, Qin, Wazir, Hina, Sun, Chenyu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.02.2023
Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Subjects
2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 - adverse effects
BNT162 Vaccine - adverse effects
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines - adverse effects
Humans
Myocarditis - epidemiology
Pericarditis - epidemiology
Review
Vaccination - adverse effects
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Abstract There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted. A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively). Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis.
AbstractList There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted. A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively). Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis.
There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted. A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively). Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis.
INTRODUCTIONThere have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. METHODSA systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted. RESULTSA total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively). DISCUSSIONStudy results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis.
Author Xie, Peng
Xia, Weihang
Wazir, Hina
Liu, Haixia
Uy, John Patrick N.
Lowe, Scott
Guo, Zhichun
Xie, Chuman
Guo, Xianwei
Zhou, Qin
Li, Yaru
Ma, Shaodi
Wu, Birong
Gao, Juan
Feng, Linya
Sun, Chenyu
Bentley, Rachel
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  organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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  fullname: Xie, Peng
  organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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  organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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  fullname: Ma, Shaodi
  organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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  givenname: Chenyu
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3812-3164
  surname: Sun
  fullname: Sun, Chenyu
  email: drsunchenyu@yeah.net
  organization: AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2022
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Snippet There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to...
INTRODUCTIONThere have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study...
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SubjectTerms 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 - adverse effects
BNT162 Vaccine - adverse effects
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines - adverse effects
Humans
Myocarditis - epidemiology
Pericarditis - epidemiology
Review
Vaccination - adverse effects
Title A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis or Pericarditis
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.09.002
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36266115
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2727637755
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9510095
Volume 64
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