Regulation of the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs
Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T‐cell responses. After sensing pathogen‐derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contr...
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| Published in | European journal of immunology Vol. 44; no. 4; pp. 927 - 933 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
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01.04.2014
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| Abstract | Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T‐cell responses. After sensing pathogen‐derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T‐cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC‐activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self‐tolerance yet allow for adequate T‐cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs. |
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| AbstractList | Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T‐cell responses. After sensing pathogen‐derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T‐cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC‐activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self‐tolerance yet allow for adequate T‐cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs. Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T-cell responses. After sensing pathogen-derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naive CD4 super(+) and CD8 super(+) T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T-cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC-activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self-tolerance yet allow for adequate T-cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady-state DCs. Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T‐cell responses. After sensing pathogen‐derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4 + and CD8 + T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T‐cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC‐activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self‐tolerance yet allow for adequate T‐cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs. |
| Author | Schild, Hansjörg Probst, Hans Christian Muth, Sabine |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24652744$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Peripheral T-cell tolerance Dendritic cells Steady-state DCs DC maturation |
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| SubjectTerms | Antigen Presentation - immunology CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Cell Differentiation - immunology DC maturation Dendritic cells Dendritic Cells - immunology Humans Immune Tolerance - immunology Models, Immunological Peripheral T‐cell tolerance Signal Transduction - immunology Steady‐state DCs T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology |
| Title | Regulation of the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs |
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