The Effect of Water Hardness on Surfactant Deposition after Washing and Subsequent Skin Irritation in Atopic Dermatitis Patients and Healthy Control Subjects

• Published in: Journal of investigative dermatology Vol. 138; no. 1; pp. 68 - 77
• Main Authors: Danby, Simon G., Brown, Kirsty, Wigley, Andrew M., Chittock, John, Pyae, Phyoe K., Flohr, Carsten, Cork, Michael J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2018
• Subjects: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Dermatitis, Atopic - chemically induced; Dermatitis, Atopic - genetics; Dermatitis, Atopic - physiopathology; Dermatitis, Atopic - prevention & control; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Intermediate Filament Proteins - genetics; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Skin - drug effects; Skin - physiopathology; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate - adverse effects; Surface-Active Agents - adverse effects; Water - chemistry; Water Loss, Insensible - drug effects; Young Adult; FITR; TEWL; AD; SLS; wt

Living in a hard water area is associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis (AD). Greater skin barrier impairment after exposure to surfactants in wash products, combined with the high calcium levels of hard water and/or high chlorine levels, is a compelling mechanism for this increase. Th...