How to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully
The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global e...
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| Published in | Chemical Society reviews Vol. 48; no. 12; pp. 3166 - 318 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
17.06.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO
2
emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field.
A guidebook with best practices and potential opportunities to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully. |
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| AbstractList | The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO2 emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field. The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber–Bosch process which is responsible for 1–2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO 2 emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field. The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO 2 emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field. A guidebook with best practices and potential opportunities to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully. The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO2 emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field.The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber-Bosch process which is responsible for 1-2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO2 emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field. The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia on food, chemicals, and energy. As an attractive alternative to the century-old Haber–Bosch process which is responsible for 1–2% of global energy consumption, utilization of half the hydrogen produced globally, and ∼1% of global energy-related CO₂ emissions, the ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction has attracted tremendous interest during the past few years. Some achievements have revealed the possibility of this process, but have also identified great challenges. The activity and selectivity of the nitrogen reduction reaction are fundamentally limited by competing hydrogen evolution and nitrogen scaling relations, while low production rates and ubiquitous contaminants plague experimental practices. Aiming toward higher accuracy and reproducibility of claimed results, and more meaningful, impactful, and insightful research, this tutorial review summarizes the present status and challenges in the study of ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, followed by a thorough discussion of various experimental parameters. We then recommend a series of protocols and best practices for experiments, and also highlight some potential directions for future research in this exciting and important field. |
| Author | Qiao, Shi-Zhang Tang, Cheng |
| AuthorAffiliation | School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: The University of Adelaide – name: School of Chemical Engineering |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Cheng surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Cheng – sequence: 2 givenname: Shi-Zhang surname: Qiao fullname: Qiao, Shi-Zhang |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107485$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | Shi-Zhang Qiao is currently a Chair Professor and Australian Laureate Fellow at the School of Chemical Engineering of The University of Adelaide, Australia. Dr Qiao received his PhD in chemical engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2000. His research expertise is in nanomaterials for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and energy storage and conversion technologies. Dr Qiao is also a Thomson Reuters/Clarivate Analytics Highly Cited Researcher (Chemistry, Materials Science). In recognition of his achievements in research, he was honored with the prestigious ExxonMobil Award (2016), ARC Discovery Outstanding Researcher Award (2013), the Emerging Researcher Award (2013, ENFL Division of the American Chemical Society) and the ARC, ARF and APD Fellowships. Cheng Tang received his BEng and PhD from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, in 2013 and 2018, respectively, under the supervision of Prof. Qiang Zhang and Prof. Fei Wei. Currently, he is a postdoctoral researcher at The University of Adelaide working with Prof. Shi-Zhang Qiao. His research focuses on nanomaterials and energy electrocatalysis, including 3D graphene, hierarchical nanomaterials, oxygen reduction/evolution, hydrogen evolution, nitrogen reduction, etc. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
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| Snippet | The efficient activation of dinitrogen for the production of ammonia plays a crucial role in our modern society, considering the significant impact of ammonia... |
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| SubjectTerms | Ammonia carbon dioxide Chemical reduction Contaminants energy Energy consumption greenhouse gas emissions hydrogen Hydrogen evolution hydrogen production Nitrogen Organic chemistry plague Selectivity |
| Title | How to explore ambient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reliably and insightfully |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107485 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2241344102 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2232080357 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2286856143 |
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