Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Dual Targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 Inhibitor, SF2535, in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The PI3K/Akt pathway-and in particular PI3Kδ-is known for its role in drug resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and it is often upregulated in refractory or relapsed B-ALL. Myc proteins are transcription factors responsible for transcribing pro-proliferative genes and c-Myc is often...
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Published in | Frontiers in oncology Vol. 11; p. 766888 |
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Abstract | The PI3K/Akt pathway-and in particular PI3Kδ-is known for its role in drug resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and it is often upregulated in refractory or relapsed B-ALL. Myc proteins are transcription factors responsible for transcribing pro-proliferative genes and c-Myc is often overexpressed in cancers. The chromatin regulator BRD4 is required for expression of c-Myc in hematologic malignancies including B-ALL. Previously, combination of BRD4 and PI3K inhibition with SF2523 was shown to successfully decrease Myc expression. However, the underlying mechanism and effect of dual inhibition of PI3Kδ/BRD4 in B-ALL remains unknown. To study this, we utilized SF2535, a novel small molecule dual inhibitor which can specifically target the PI3Kδ isoform and BRD4. We treated primary B-ALL cells with various concentrations of SF2535 and studied its effect on specific pharmacological on-target mechanisms such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, and adhesion molecules expression using
and
models. SF2535 significantly downregulates both c-Myc mRNA and protein expression through inhibition of BRD4 at the c-Myc promoter site and decreases p-AKT expression through inhibition of the PI3Kδ/AKT pathway. SF2535 induced apoptosis in B-ALL by downregulation of BCL-2 and increased cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP. Moreover, SF2535 induced cell cycle arrest and decreased cell counts in B-ALL. Interestingly, SF2535 decreased the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of integrin α4, α5, α6, and β1 while increasing MFI of CXCR4, indicating that SF2535 may work through inside-out signaling of integrins. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for the clinical evaluation of targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 in refractory or relapsed B-ALL using SF2535. |
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AbstractList | The PI3K/Akt pathway—and in particular PI3Kδ—is known for its role in drug resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and it is often upregulated in refractory or relapsed B-ALL. Myc proteins are transcription factors responsible for transcribing pro-proliferative genes and c-Myc is often overexpressed in cancers. The chromatin regulator BRD4 is required for expression of c-Myc in hematologic malignancies including B-ALL. Previously, combination of BRD4 and PI3K inhibition with SF2523 was shown to successfully decrease Myc expression. However, the underlying mechanism and effect of dual inhibition of PI3Kδ/BRD4 in B-ALL remains unknown. To study this, we utilized SF2535, a novel small molecule dual inhibitor which can specifically target the PI3Kδ isoform and BRD4. We treated primary B-ALL cells with various concentrations of SF2535 and studied its effect on specific pharmacological on-target mechanisms such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, and adhesion molecules expression usingin vitro and in vivo models. SF2535 significantly downregulates both c-Myc mRNA and protein expression through inhibition of BRD4 at the c-Myc promoter site and decreases p-AKT expression through inhibition of the PI3Kδ/AKT pathway. SF2535 induced apoptosis in B-ALL by downregulation of BCL-2 and increased cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP. Moreover, SF2535 induced cell cycle arrest and decreased cell counts in B-ALL. Interestingly, SF2535 decreased the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of integrin α4, α5, α6, and β1 while increasing MFI of CXCR4, indicating that SF2535 may work through inside-out signaling of integrins. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for the clinical evaluation of targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 in refractory or relapsed B-ALL using SF2535. The PI3K/Akt pathway-and in particular PI3Kδ-is known for its role in drug resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and it is often upregulated in refractory or relapsed B-ALL. Myc proteins are transcription factors responsible for transcribing pro-proliferative genes and c-Myc is often overexpressed in cancers. The chromatin regulator BRD4 is required for expression of c-Myc in hematologic malignancies including B-ALL. Previously, combination of BRD4 and PI3K inhibition with SF2523 was shown to successfully decrease Myc expression. However, the underlying mechanism and effect of dual inhibition of PI3Kδ/BRD4 in B-ALL remains unknown. To study this, we utilized SF2535, a novel small molecule dual inhibitor which can specifically target the PI3Kδ isoform and BRD4. We treated primary B-ALL cells with various concentrations of SF2535 and studied its effect on specific pharmacological on-target mechanisms such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, and adhesion molecules expression using and models. SF2535 significantly downregulates both c-Myc mRNA and protein expression through inhibition of BRD4 at the c-Myc promoter site and decreases p-AKT expression through inhibition of the PI3Kδ/AKT pathway. SF2535 induced apoptosis in B-ALL by downregulation of BCL-2 and increased cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP. Moreover, SF2535 induced cell cycle arrest and decreased cell counts in B-ALL. Interestingly, SF2535 decreased the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of integrin α4, α5, α6, and β1 while increasing MFI of CXCR4, indicating that SF2535 may work through inside-out signaling of integrins. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for the clinical evaluation of targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 in refractory or relapsed B-ALL using SF2535. The PI3K/Akt pathway—and in particular PI3Kδ—is known for its role in drug resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and it is often upregulated in refractory or relapsed B-ALL. Myc proteins are transcription factors responsible for transcribing pro-proliferative genes and c-Myc is often overexpressed in cancers. The chromatin regulator BRD4 is required for expression of c-Myc in hematologic malignancies including B-ALL. Previously, combination of BRD4 and PI3K inhibition with SF2523 was shown to successfully decrease Myc expression. However, the underlying mechanism and effect of dual inhibition of PI3Kδ/BRD4 in B-ALL remains unknown. To study this, we utilized SF2535, a novel small molecule dual inhibitor which can specifically target the PI3Kδ isoform and BRD4. We treated primary B-ALL cells with various concentrations of SF2535 and studied its effect on specific pharmacological on-target mechanisms such as apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, and adhesion molecules expression using in vitro and in vivo models. SF2535 significantly downregulates both c-Myc mRNA and protein expression through inhibition of BRD4 at the c-Myc promoter site and decreases p-AKT expression through inhibition of the PI3Kδ/AKT pathway. SF2535 induced apoptosis in B-ALL by downregulation of BCL-2 and increased cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP. Moreover, SF2535 induced cell cycle arrest and decreased cell counts in B-ALL. Interestingly, SF2535 decreased the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of integrin α4, α5, α6, and β1 while increasing MFI of CXCR4, indicating that SF2535 may work through inside-out signaling of integrins. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for the clinical evaluation of targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 in refractory or relapsed B-ALL using SF2535. |
Author | Durden, Donald L Lieber, Michael R Gang, Eun Ji Ruan, Yongsheng Hsieh, Chih-Lin Wan, Zesheng Coba, Ariana Ogana, Heather A Nichols, Cydney Kim, Yong-Mi Kim, Hye Na Abdel-Azim, Hisham Parekh, Chintan Bhojwani, Deepa Abdel-Azim, Nour Loh, Yong-Hwee Eddie Pal, Dhananjaya Seo, Seyoung Hurwitz, Samantha |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine , Los Angeles, CA , United States 4 University of Southern California (USC) Department of Urology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center , Los Angeles, CA , United States 2 Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China 7 SignalRx Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Omaha, NE , United States 3 University of Southern California (USC) Libraries Bioinformatics Services, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , United States 5 University of Southern California (USC) Department of Pathology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center , Los Angeles, CA , United States 6 Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego , San Diego, CA , United States |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine , Los Angeles, CA , United States – name: 5 University of Southern California (USC) Department of Pathology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center , Los Angeles, CA , United States – name: 4 University of Southern California (USC) Department of Urology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center , Los Angeles, CA , United States – name: 3 University of Southern California (USC) Libraries Bioinformatics Services, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , United States – name: 7 SignalRx Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Omaha, NE , United States – name: 2 Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China – name: 6 Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego , San Diego, CA , United States |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yongsheng surname: Ruan fullname: Ruan, Yongsheng organization: Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Hye Na surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hye Na organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Heather A surname: Ogana fullname: Ogana, Heather A organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Zesheng surname: Wan fullname: Wan, Zesheng organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Samantha surname: Hurwitz fullname: Hurwitz, Samantha organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Cydney surname: Nichols fullname: Nichols, Cydney organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Nour surname: Abdel-Azim fullname: Abdel-Azim, Nour organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 8 givenname: Ariana surname: Coba fullname: Coba, Ariana organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Seyoung surname: Seo fullname: Seo, Seyoung organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Yong-Hwee Eddie surname: Loh fullname: Loh, Yong-Hwee Eddie organization: University of Southern California (USC) Libraries Bioinformatics Services, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 11 givenname: Eun Ji surname: Gang fullname: Gang, Eun Ji organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 12 givenname: Hisham surname: Abdel-Azim fullname: Abdel-Azim, Hisham organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 13 givenname: Chih-Lin surname: Hsieh fullname: Hsieh, Chih-Lin organization: University of Southern California (USC) Department of Urology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 14 givenname: Michael R surname: Lieber fullname: Lieber, Michael R organization: University of Southern California (USC) Department of Pathology, University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 15 givenname: Chintan surname: Parekh fullname: Parekh, Chintan organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 16 givenname: Dhananjaya surname: Pal fullname: Pal, Dhananjaya organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States – sequence: 17 givenname: Deepa surname: Bhojwani fullname: Bhojwani, Deepa organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States – sequence: 18 givenname: Donald L surname: Durden fullname: Durden, Donald L organization: SignalRx Pharmaceuticals Inc., Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 19 givenname: Yong-Mi surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Yong-Mi organization: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim. Copyright © 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim |
Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim. – notice: Copyright © 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim |
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Keywords | p-AKT PI3Kδ SF2535 acute lymphoblastic leukemia c-Myc BRD4 |
Language | English |
License | Copyright © 2021 Ruan, Kim, Ogana, Wan, Hurwitz, Nichols, Abdel-Azim, Coba, Seo, Loh, Gang, Abdel-Azim, Hsieh, Lieber, Parekh, Pal, Bhojwani, Durden and Kim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors have contributed equally to this work Reviewed by: Srimoyee Mukherjee, Tufts University School of Medicine, United States; Deepshi Thakral, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India Edited by: Gurvinder Kaur, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India This article was submitted to Hematologic Malignancies, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology |
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Title | Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Dual Targeting PI3Kδ/BRD4 Inhibitor, SF2535, in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
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