Long-range and short-range tumor-stroma networks synergistically contribute to tumor-associated epilepsy

• Published in: Oncotarget Vol. 7; no. 22; pp. 33451 - 33460
• Main Authors: Mao, Xiao-Yuan, Tokay, Tursonjan, Zhou, Hong-Hao, Jin, Wei-Lin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Impact Journals LLC 31.05.2016
• Subjects: Animals; Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use; Brain - drug effects; Brain - metabolism; Brain - pathology; Brain - physiopathology; Brain Neoplasms - metabolism; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Brain Neoplasms - physiopathology; Brain Waves - drug effects; Epilepsy - drug therapy; Epilepsy - metabolism; Epilepsy - pathology; Epilepsy - physiopathology; GABAergic Neurons - metabolism; GABAergic Neurons - pathology; Gap Junctions - drug effects; Gap Junctions - metabolism; Gap Junctions - pathology; Humans; Interneurons - metabolism; Interneurons - pathology; Paracrine Communication - drug effects; Review; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Stromal Cells - drug effects; Stromal Cells - metabolism; Stromal Cells - pathology; brain tumor; short-range mode; tumor microenvironment; long-range mode; tumor-associated epilepsy
• ISSN: 1949-2553; 1949-2553
• DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7962

Epileptic seizures are frequently caused by brain tumors. Traditional anti-epileptic treatments do not acquire satisfactory responses. Preoperative and postoperative seizures seriously influence the quality of life of patients. Thus, tumor-associated epilepsy (TAE) is an important subject of the current research. The delineation of the etiology of epileptogenesis in patients with primary brain tumor may help to find the novel and effective drug targets for treating this disease. In this review, we describe the current status of treatment of TAE. More importantly, we focus on the factors that are involved in the functional connectivity between tumors and stromal cells. We propose that there exist two modes, namely, long-range and short-range modes, which likely trigger neuronal hyperexcitation and subsequent epileptic seizures. The long-range mode is referred to as factors released by tumors including glutamate and GABA, binding to the corresponding receptor on the cellular membrane and causing neuronal hyperactivity, while the short-range mode is considered to involve direct intracellular communication between tumor cells and stromas. Gap junctions and tunneling nanotube network are involved in cellular interconnections. Future investigations focused on those two modes may find a potential novel therapeutic target for treating TAE.