Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondria in Seed Germination

Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous [hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and exogenous (light, temperature) factors. Reactive oxygen species promote the release of seed dormancy...

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Published inFrontiers in plant science Vol. 12; p. 781734
Main Authors Farooq, Muhammad Awais, Zhang, Xiaomeng, Zafar, Muhammad Mubashar, Ma, Wei, Zhao, Jianjun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 09.12.2021
Subjects
embryogenesis and endosperm
heat shock proteins (HSPs)
mitochondria
Plant Science
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
seed germination and dormancy
heat shock proteins (HSPs)
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
seed germination and dormancy
mitochondria
embryogenesis and endosperm
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Abstract Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous [hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and exogenous (light, temperature) factors. Reactive oxygen species promote the release of seed dormancy by biomolecules oxidation, testa weakening and endosperm decay. Reactive oxygen species modulate metabolic and hormone signaling pathways that induce and maintain seed dormancy and germination. Endosperm provides nutrients and senses environmental signals to regulate the growth of the embryo by secreting timely signals. The growing energy demand of the developing embryo and endosperm is fulfilled by functional mitochondria. Mitochondrial matrix-localized heat shock protein GhHSP24.7 controls seed germination in a temperature-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize comprehensive view of biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which coordinately control seed germination. We also discuss that the accurate and optimized coordination of ROS, mitochondria, heat shock proteins is required to permit testa rupture and subsequent germination.
AbstractList Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous [hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and exogenous (light, temperature) factors. Reactive oxygen species promote the release of seed dormancy by biomolecules oxidation, testa weakening and endosperm decay. Reactive oxygen species modulate metabolic and hormone signaling pathways that induce and maintain seed dormancy and germination. Endosperm provides nutrients and senses environmental signals to regulate the growth of the embryo by secreting timely signals. The growing energy demand of the developing embryo and endosperm is fulfilled by functional mitochondria. Mitochondrial matrix-localized heat shock protein GhHSP24.7 controls seed germination in a temperature-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize comprehensive view of biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which coordinately control seed germination. We also discuss that the accurate and optimized coordination of ROS, mitochondria, heat shock proteins is required to permit testa rupture and subsequent germination.
Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous [hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and exogenous (light, temperature) factors. Reactive oxygen species promote the release of seed dormancy by biomolecules oxidation, testa weakening and endosperm decay. Reactive oxygen species modulate metabolic and hormone signaling pathways that induce and maintain seed dormancy and germination. Endosperm provides nutrients and senses environmental signals to regulate the growth of the embryo by secreting timely signals. The growing energy demand of the developing embryo and endosperm is fulfilled by functional mitochondria. Mitochondrial matrix-localized heat shock protein GhHSP24.7 controls seed germination in a temperature-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize comprehensive view of biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which coordinately control seed germination. We also discuss that the accurate and optimized coordination of ROS, mitochondria, heat shock proteins is required to permit testa rupture and subsequent germination.Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous [hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and exogenous (light, temperature) factors. Reactive oxygen species promote the release of seed dormancy by biomolecules oxidation, testa weakening and endosperm decay. Reactive oxygen species modulate metabolic and hormone signaling pathways that induce and maintain seed dormancy and germination. Endosperm provides nutrients and senses environmental signals to regulate the growth of the embryo by secreting timely signals. The growing energy demand of the developing embryo and endosperm is fulfilled by functional mitochondria. Mitochondrial matrix-localized heat shock protein GhHSP24.7 controls seed germination in a temperature-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize comprehensive view of biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which coordinately control seed germination. We also discuss that the accurate and optimized coordination of ROS, mitochondria, heat shock proteins is required to permit testa rupture and subsequent germination.
Author Farooq, Muhammad Awais
Ma, Wei
Zhang, Xiaomeng
Zafar, Muhammad Mubashar
Zhao, Jianjun
AuthorAffiliation 3 Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Anyang , China
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
1 State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , China
– name: 3 Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Anyang , China
– name: 2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
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Keywords heat shock proteins (HSPs)
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
seed germination and dormancy
mitochondria
embryogenesis and endosperm
Language English
License Copyright © 2021 Farooq, Zhang, Zafar, Ma and Zhao.
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Edited by: John Hancock, University of the West of England, United Kingdom
This article was submitted to Plant Physiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
Reviewed by: Alla I. Yemets, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAN Ukraine), Ukraine; Alma Balestrazzi, University of Pavia, Italy
These authors have contributed equally to this work
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Snippet Seed germination is crucial for the life cycle of plants and maximum crop production. This critical developmental step is regulated by diverse endogenous...
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SubjectTerms embryogenesis and endosperm
heat shock proteins (HSPs)
mitochondria
Plant Science
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
seed germination and dormancy
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Title Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondria in Seed Germination
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Volume 12
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