Enhancing the Efficacy of Tumor Vaccines Based on Immune Evasion Mechanisms

Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there is growing interest in improving the durable anti-tumor activity of tumor vaccines. Failure of vaccine-activated T cells to protect against t...

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Published inFrontiers in oncology Vol. 10; p. 584367
Main Authors Chen, Jianyu, Zhang, Honghao, Zhou, Lijuan, Hu, Yuxing, Li, Meifang, He, Yanjie, Li, Yuhua
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 03.02.2021
Subjects
combination therapies
immune evasion
immunotherapy
Oncology
tumor microenvironment
tumor vaccines
tumor microenvironment
immune evasion
tumor vaccines
combination therapies
immunotherapy
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Abstract Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there is growing interest in improving the durable anti-tumor activity of tumor vaccines. Failure of vaccine-activated T cells to protect against tumors is thought to be the result of the immune escape mechanisms of tumor cells and the intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss how tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment influence the effects of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and summarize how to improve the efficacy of tumor vaccines by improving the design of current tumor vaccines and combining tumor vaccines with other therapies, such as metabolic therapy, immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy.
AbstractList Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there is growing interest in improving the durable anti-tumor activity of tumor vaccines. Failure of vaccine-activated T cells to protect against tumors is thought to be the result of the immune escape mechanisms of tumor cells and the intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss how tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment influence the effects of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and summarize how to improve the efficacy of tumor vaccines by improving the design of current tumor vaccines and combining tumor vaccines with other therapies, such as metabolic therapy, immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy.
Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there is growing interest in improving the durable anti-tumor activity of tumor vaccines. Failure of vaccine-activated T cells to protect against tumors is thought to be the result of the immune escape mechanisms of tumor cells and the intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss how tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment influence the effects of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and summarize how to improve the efficacy of tumor vaccines by improving the design of current tumor vaccines and combining tumor vaccines with other therapies, such as metabolic therapy, immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy.Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there is growing interest in improving the durable anti-tumor activity of tumor vaccines. Failure of vaccine-activated T cells to protect against tumors is thought to be the result of the immune escape mechanisms of tumor cells and the intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss how tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment influence the effects of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and summarize how to improve the efficacy of tumor vaccines by improving the design of current tumor vaccines and combining tumor vaccines with other therapies, such as metabolic therapy, immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy.
Author Zhang, Honghao
Li, Yuhua
Chen, Jianyu
Hu, Yuxing
Li, Meifang
Zhou, Lijuan
He, Yanjie
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
2 Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) , Guangzhou , China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) , Guangzhou , China
– name: 1 Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Keywords tumor microenvironment
immune evasion
tumor vaccines
combination therapies
immunotherapy
Language English
License Copyright © 2021 Chen, Zhang, Zhou, Hu, Li, He and Li.
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Reviewed by: Sadhak Sengupta, Triumvira Immunologics, Inc., United States; William J. Magner, University at Buffalo, United States
Edited by: Graham Pawelec, University of Tübingen, Germany
This article was submitted to Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology
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Snippet Tumor vaccines aim to expand tumor-specific T cells and reactivate existing tumor-specific T cells that are in a dormant or unresponsive state. As such, there...
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SubjectTerms combination therapies
immune evasion
immunotherapy
Oncology
tumor microenvironment
tumor vaccines
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Title Enhancing the Efficacy of Tumor Vaccines Based on Immune Evasion Mechanisms
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