Avian Hepatitis E Virus: With the Trend of Genotypes and Host Expansion

Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major genotypes of avian HEV have been identified and classified into the genus of the family . The avian HEV associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly synd...

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Published inFrontiers in microbiology Vol. 10; p. 1696
Main Authors Sun, Peng, Lin, Shaoli, He, Shenghu, Zhou, En-Min, Zhao, Qin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 24.07.2019
Subjects
avian HEV
big liver and spleen virus
genotypes
hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome
hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome
Microbiology
virology
avian HEV
big liver and spleen virus
genotypes
hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome
hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome
virology
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Abstract Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major genotypes of avian HEV have been identified and classified into the genus of the family . The avian HEV associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome, big liver and spleen disease or hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome in chickens is genetically and antigenically related to mammalian HEV. With the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified, a broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies. Due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system, the mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus' ability of cross-species infection. Although it has not yet been detected in humans, the potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration. This review article focuses on the current knowledge regarding avian HEV in virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, transmission, diagnosis and prevention. - The mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system.- A broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies with the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified.- The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus' ability of cross-species infection.- The potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration.
AbstractList Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major genotypes of avian HEV have been identified and classified into the genus of the family . The avian HEV associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome, big liver and spleen disease or hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome in chickens is genetically and antigenically related to mammalian HEV. With the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified, a broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies. Due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system, the mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus' ability of cross-species infection. Although it has not yet been detected in humans, the potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration. This review article focuses on the current knowledge regarding avian HEV in virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, transmission, diagnosis and prevention. - The mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system.- A broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies with the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified.- The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus' ability of cross-species infection.- The potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration.
Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major genotypes of avian HEV have been identified and classified into the Orthohepevirus B genus of the family Hepeviridae . The avian HEV associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome, big liver and spleen disease or hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome in chickens is genetically and antigenically related to mammalian HEV. With the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified, a broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies. Due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system, the mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus’ ability of cross-species infection. Although it has not yet been detected in humans, the potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration. This review article focuses on the current knowledge regarding avian HEV in virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, transmission, diagnosis and prevention.
Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major genotypes of avian HEV have been identified and classified into the Orthohepevirus B genus of the family Hepeviridae. The avian HEV associated with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome, big liver and spleen disease or hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome in chickens is genetically and antigenically related to mammalian HEV. With the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified, a broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies. Due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system, the mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus’ ability of cross-species infection. Although it has not yet been detected in humans, the potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration. This review article focuses on the current knowledge regarding avian HEV in virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, transmission, diagnosis and prevention.HIGHLIGHTS- The mechanisms of avian HEV replication and pathogenesis are still poorly understood due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system.- A broader host tropism is also notable in the epidemiological studies with the increased genotypes of avian HEV identified.- The recent identification and characterization of animal strains of avian HEV has demonstrated the virus’ ability of cross-species infection.- The potential threat of a zoonotic HEV capable of transmission to humans needs to be taken into consideration.
Author He, Shenghu
Sun, Peng
Lin, Shaoli
Zhao, Qin
Zhou, En-Min
AuthorAffiliation 1 School of Agriculture, Ningxia University , Yinchuan , China
2 Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
4 Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park , College Park, MD , United States
3 Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture , Yangling , China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 School of Agriculture, Ningxia University , Yinchuan , China
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Keywords avian HEV
big liver and spleen virus
genotypes
hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome
hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome
virology
Language English
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These authors have contributed equally to this work
Reviewed by: Yao-Wei Huang, Zhejiang University, China; Mijia Lu, The Ohio State University, United States
This article was submitted to Virology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
Edited by: Jianrong Li, The Ohio State University, United States
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Snippet Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a complete genome of approximately 6.6 kb in size. To date, four major...
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pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
pubmed
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StartPage 1696
SubjectTerms avian HEV
big liver and spleen virus
genotypes
hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome
hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome
Microbiology
virology
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Title Avian Hepatitis E Virus: With the Trend of Genotypes and Host Expansion
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31396195
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2270017693
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6668596
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Volume 10
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