How does population aging affect household carbon emissions? Evidence from Chinese urban and rural areas
Population aging has become a salient demographic phenomenon in China, thus causing social and economic concerns. However, little is known about the impact of population aging on the environment. The available literature mainly emphasizes decreases in energy consumption or carbon emissions caused by...
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| Published in | Energy economics Vol. 100; p. 105356 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Kidlington
Elsevier B.V
01.08.2021
Elsevier Science Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Population aging has become a salient demographic phenomenon in China, thus causing social and economic concerns. However, little is known about the impact of population aging on the environment. The available literature mainly emphasizes decreases in energy consumption or carbon emissions caused by population aging, conveying limited information about the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions. This paper explores the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions in both urban and rural areas of China, using panel data of 30 provinces over 1997–2017. The relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions is investigated with a threshold regression model and a two-stage instrumental variable regression model. The results show that urban population aging increases urban household carbon emissions at levels both below and above 0.083, while this positive impact is comparatively smaller when urban population aging is above 0.083. However, at the national level, rural population aging has no significant impact on rural household carbon emissions at the level below 0.066, while rural population aging significantly increases rural household carbon emissions at the level above 0.066. Rural population aging has a significant positive effect on the increase in household carbon emissions in northern heating areas, when rural population aging is both below and above 0.077. The analysis of the underlying mechanism identifies consumption structure and consumption level as intermediary factors that affect the nonlinear relationship between urban population aging and urban household carbon emissions. Furthermore, the income level also affects the nonlinear relationship between rural population aging and rural household carbon emissions.
•We propose a new framework for relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions.•We test the nonlinear relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions.•We analyze the intermediate mechanism of the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions.•Population aging in urban areas has a positive impact on the increase in household carbon emissions.•Population aging in the northern heating areas has increased household carbon emissions. |
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| AbstractList | Population aging has become a salient demographic phenomenon in China, thus causing social and economic concerns. However, little is known about the impact of population aging on the environment. The available literature mainly emphasizes decreases in energy consumption or carbon emissions caused by population aging, conveying limited information about the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions. This paper explores the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions in both urban and rural areas of China, using panel data of 30 provinces over 1997–2017. The relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions is investigated with a threshold regression model and a two-stage instrumental variable regression model. The results show that urban population aging increases urban household carbon emissions at levels both below and above 0.083, while this positive impact is comparatively smaller when urban population aging is above 0.083. However, at the national level, rural population aging has no significant impact on rural household carbon emissions at the level below 0.066, while rural population aging significantly increases rural household carbon emissions at the level above 0.066. Rural population aging has a significant positive effect on the increase in household carbon emissions in northern heating areas, when rural population aging is both below and above 0.077. The analysis of the underlying mechanism identifies consumption structure and consumption level as intermediary factors that affect the nonlinear relationship between urban population aging and urban household carbon emissions. Furthermore, the income level also affects the nonlinear relationship between rural population aging and rural household carbon emissions.
•We propose a new framework for relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions.•We test the nonlinear relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions.•We analyze the intermediate mechanism of the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions.•Population aging in urban areas has a positive impact on the increase in household carbon emissions.•Population aging in the northern heating areas has increased household carbon emissions. Population aging has become a salient demographic phenomenon in China, thus causing social and economic concerns. However, little is known about the impact of population aging on the environment. The available literature mainly emphasizes decreases in energy consumption or carbon emissions caused by population aging, conveying limited information about the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions. This paper explores the impact of population aging on household carbon emissions in both urban and rural areas of China, using panel data of 30 provinces over 1997–2017. The relationship between population aging and household carbon emissions is investigated with a threshold regression model and a two-stage instrumental variable regression model. The results show that urban population aging increases urban household carbon emissions at levels both below and above 0.083, while this positive impact is comparatively smaller when urban population aging is above 0.083. However, at the national level, rural population aging has no significant impact on rural household carbon emissions at the level below 0.066, while rural population aging significantly increases rural household carbon emissions at the level above 0.066. Rural population aging has a significant positive effect on the increase in household carbon emissions in northern heating areas, when rural population aging is both below and above 0.077. The analysis of the underlying mechanism identifies consumption structure and consumption level as intermediary factors that affect the nonlinear relationship between urban population aging and urban household carbon emissions. Furthermore, the income level also affects the nonlinear relationship between rural population aging and rural household carbon emissions. |
| ArticleNumber | 105356 |
| Author | Fan, Jianshuang Ma, Miao Zhang, Yan Shao, Shuai Zhou, Lin |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jianshuang surname: Fan fullname: Fan, Jianshuang organization: School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Lin surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Lin organization: School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yan surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Yan organization: Department of Environmental Economics and Management, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel – sequence: 4 givenname: Shuai surname: Shao fullname: Shao, Shuai email: shaoshuai8188@126.com organization: School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Miao surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Miao organization: School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China |
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| Keywords | Panel threshold model Urban and rural areas Household carbon emissions China Population aging Mechanism analysis |
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| Snippet | Population aging has become a salient demographic phenomenon in China, thus causing social and economic concerns. However, little is known about the impact of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aging Carbon China Emissions Energy consumption Energy economics Heating Household carbon emissions Households Impact analysis Mechanism analysis Panel data Panel threshold model Population Population aging Provinces Regression models Rural areas Rural communities Rural population Rural populations Urban and rural areas Urban areas Urban population Urban populations |
| Title | How does population aging affect household carbon emissions? Evidence from Chinese urban and rural areas |
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