Formation and remodeling of the brain extracellular matrix in neural plasticity: Roles of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronan

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects Vol. 1861; no. 10; pp. 2420 - 2434
• Main Authors: Miyata, Shinji, Kitagawa, Hiroshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2017
• Subjects: Animals; Axon regeneration; brain; Brain - metabolism; Brain - physiology; Brain - physiopathology; Brain Chemistry; Brain Injuries - metabolism; Brain Injuries - pathology; Brain Injuries - physiopathology; Brain Injuries - rehabilitation; chondroitin sulfate; Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; Chondroitin Sulfates - chemistry; Chondroitin Sulfates - metabolism; dendrites; extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - chemistry; Extracellular Matrix - metabolism; Humans; Hyaluronan; hyaluronic acid; Hyaluronic Acid - chemistry; Hyaluronic Acid - metabolism; Nerve Net - physiology; Nerve Net - physiopathology; Nerve Regeneration - physiology; nerve tissue; Neurogenesis - physiology; Neuronal Plasticity - physiology; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - physiology; Parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neuron; Parvalbumins - genetics; Parvalbumins - metabolism; Perineuronal net; synapse; Synapses - physiology; Synaptic plasticity; Hyaluronan; Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; Axon regeneration; Perineuronal net; Synaptic plasticity; Parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neuron

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain is rich in glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronan. These glycosaminoglycans are organized into either diffuse or condensed ECM. Diffuse ECM is distributed throughout the brain and fills perisynaptic spaces, whereas condensed ECM...