Dietary Polyphenols as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Type 2 Diabetes Management: Advances and Opportunities

• Published in: Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 100346
• Main Authors: Barik, Sisir Kumar, Sengupta, Srabasti, Arya, Rakesh, Kumar, Surendra, Kim, Jong Joo, Chaurasia, Reetika
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2025
• Subjects: AMPK; anthocyanin; Anthocyanins - pharmacology; berry; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control; Diet; DPP-IV; Fruit - chemistry; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose transporter; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; polyphenol; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Polyphenols - therapeutic use; postprandial hyperglycemia; Postprandial Period; type 2 diabetes; Vegetables - chemistry; TF3; postprandial hyperglycemia; T2DM; berry; DPP-IV; DPP; GLUT; glucagon-like peptide 1; GLP; polyphenol; DP; GIP; type 2 diabetes; glucose transporter; PPAR; AMPK; SGLT; anthocyanin
• ISSN: 2161-8313; 2156-5376; 2156-5376
• DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100346

Poor dietary intake or unhealthy lifestyle contributes to various health disorders, including postprandial hyperglycemia, leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Reduction of postprandial glucose concentrations through diet is a key strategy for preventing and managing T2DM. Thus, it is essential to understand how dietary components affect glycemic regulation. Dietary polyphenols (DPs), such as anthocyanins and other phenolics found in various fruits and vegetables, are often recommended for their potential health benefits, although their systemic effectiveness is subject to ongoing debate. Therefore, this review assesses the current and historical evidence of DPs bioactivities, which regulate crucial metabolic markers to lower postprandial hyperglycemia. Significant bioactivities such as modulation of glucose transporters, activation of AMP kinase, and regulation of incretins are discussed, along with prospects for diet-induced therapeutics to prevent the onset of T2DM.