The influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China: a spatial econometric analysis

Based on the data of PM2.5 concentrations and Air Quality Index of 73 Chinese cities in 2013, this study empirically investigates the socioeconomic influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China. Specifically, it examines whether and how the socioeconomic development indicators such as G...

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Published inJournal of cleaner production Vol. 112; pp. 1443 - 1453
Main Authors Hao, Yu, Liu, Yi-Ming
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 20.01.2016
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Abstract Based on the data of PM2.5 concentrations and Air Quality Index of 73 Chinese cities in 2013, this study empirically investigates the socioeconomic influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China. Specifically, it examines whether and how the socioeconomic development indicators such as GDP per capita, industry and transport would affect the air quality. Due to the existence of spatial autocorrelation of air pollution, conventional regression techniques that ignore the spatial autocorrelation would yield biased and inconsistent estimation results. Therefore, in this study two spatial econometric models, namely Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and Spatial Error Model (SEM), are utilized to control for spatial effects. According to the estimation results, the relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and per capita GDP is inverted U-shaped, suggesting the existence of the inverted-U shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for air quality in China. In addition, the vehicle population and the secondary industry have significant and positive influences on urban PM2.5 concentrations. As a result, a series of comprehensive measures in both social and economic aspects as well as the regional coordination of environmental policies are needed to hold China's air pollution in check. •The influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China are investigated.•Two spatial econometric models are used to control for the spatial correlation of air pollution.•The EKC relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and economic development is verified.•Vehicle population and the secondary industry influence urban PM2.5 concentrations positively.
AbstractList Based on the data of PM2.5 concentrations and Air Quality Index of 73 Chinese cities in 2013, this study empirically investigates the socioeconomic influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China. Specifically, it examines whether and how the socioeconomic development indicators such as GDP per capita, industry and transport would affect the air quality. Due to the existence of spatial autocorrelation of air pollution, conventional regression techniques that ignore the spatial autocorrelation would yield biased and inconsistent estimation results. Therefore, in this study two spatial econometric models, namely Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and Spatial Error Model (SEM), are utilized to control for spatial effects. According to the estimation results, the relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and per capita GDP is inverted U-shaped, suggesting the existence of the inverted-U shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for air quality in China. In addition, the vehicle population and the secondary industry have significant and positive influences on urban PM2.5 concentrations. As a result, a series of comprehensive measures in both social and economic aspects as well as the regional coordination of environmental policies are needed to hold China's air pollution in check. •The influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China are investigated.•Two spatial econometric models are used to control for the spatial correlation of air pollution.•The EKC relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and economic development is verified.•Vehicle population and the secondary industry influence urban PM2.5 concentrations positively.
Based on the data of PM2.5 concentrations and Air Quality Index of 73 Chinese cities in 2013, this study empirically investigates the socioeconomic influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China. Specifically, it examines whether and how the socioeconomic development indicators such as GDP per capita, industry and transport would affect the air quality. Due to the existence of spatial autocorrelation of air pollution, conventional regression techniques that ignore the spatial autocorrelation would yield biased and inconsistent estimation results. Therefore, in this study two spatial econometric models, namely Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and Spatial Error Model (SEM), are utilized to control for spatial effects. According to the estimation results, the relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and per capita GDP is inverted U-shaped, suggesting the existence of the inverted-U shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for air quality in China. In addition, the vehicle population and the secondary industry have significant and positive influences on urban PM2.5 concentrations. As a result, a series of comprehensive measures in both social and economic aspects as well as the regional coordination of environmental policies are needed to hold China's air pollution in check.
Author Hao, Yu
Liu, Yi-Ming
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Yu
  surname: Hao
  fullname: Hao, Yu
  email: haoyuking@gmail.com, haoyuking@bit.edu.cn
  organization: Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Yi-Ming
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Yi-Ming
  email: 1152253939@qq.com
  organization: Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Snippet Based on the data of PM2.5 concentrations and Air Quality Index of 73 Chinese cities in 2013, this study empirically investigates the socioeconomic influential...
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SubjectTerms air pollution
air quality
autocorrelation
China
cities
econometric models
Environmental Kuznets curve
environmental policy
industry
Influential factors
particulates
PM2.5 concentrations
socioeconomic development
Spatial econometrics
Title The influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China: a spatial econometric analysis
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.005
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2116901697
Volume 112
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