Ghrelin promotes renal cell carcinoma metastasis via Snail activation and is associated with poor prognosis

• Published in: The Journal of pathology Vol. 237; no. 1; pp. 50 - 61
• Main Authors: Lin, Tsung-Chieh, Liu, Yu-Peng, Chan, Yung-Chieh, Su, Chia-Yi, Lin, Yuan-Feng, Hsu, Shih-Lan, Yang, Chung-Shi, Hsiao, Michael
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.09.2015; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animals; Binding Sites; Cadherins - genetics; Cadherins - metabolism; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - metabolism; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - mortality; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - secondary; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement - drug effects; E-cadherin; Gene Expression Profiling - methods; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; ghrelin; Ghrelin - genetics; Ghrelin - metabolism; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms - genetics; Kidney Neoplasms - metabolism; Kidney Neoplasms - mortality; Kidney Neoplasms - pathology; Male; metastasis; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; migration; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - antagonists & inhibitors; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - metabolism; Phosphorylation; Promoter Regions, Genetic - drug effects; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - antagonists & inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism; Receptors, Ghrelin - genetics; Receptors, Ghrelin - metabolism; renal cell carcinoma; RNA Interference; Signal Transduction; Snail; Snail Family Transcription Factors; Time Factors; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Transfection; migration; ghrelin; renal cell carcinoma; Snail; metastasis; E-cadherin

Ghrelin is an appetite‐regulating molecule that promotes growth hormone (GH) release and food intake through growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS‐R). Recently, high ghrelin levels have been detected in various types of human cancer. Ghrelin expression is observed in proximal and distal renal tu...