Hypomethylation of Alu repetitive elements in esophageal mucosa, and its potential contribution to the epigenetic field for cancerization
Background: Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs).Such hypermethylation is also present in normalappearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other h...
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Published in | Cancer causes & control Vol. 23; no. 6; pp. 865 - 873 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Dordrecht
Springer
01.06.2012
Springer Netherlands Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | Background: Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs).Such hypermethylation is also present in normalappearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown. Method: We collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 noncancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes (NY-ESO-1, MAGE-CJ) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specifîc PCR, respectively. Results: Methylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY-ESO-1, and MAGE-C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other. Conclusion: This is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their noncancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization. |
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AbstractList | Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in normal-appearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown. We collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 non-cancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes (NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C1) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR, respectively. Methylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY-ESO-1, and MAGE-C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other. This is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their non-cancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Background: Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs).Such hypermethylation is also present in normalappearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown. Method: We collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 noncancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes (NY-ESO-1, MAGE-CJ) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specifîc PCR, respectively. Results: Methylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY-ESO-1, and MAGE-C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other. Conclusion: This is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their noncancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization. Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in normal-appearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown. We collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 non-cancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes (NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C1) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR, respectively. Methylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY-ESO-1, and MAGE-C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other. This is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their non-cancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization. BACKGROUNDAberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in normal-appearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown.METHODWe collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 non-cancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes (NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C1) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR, respectively.RESULTSMethylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY-ESO-1, and MAGE-C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other.CONCLUSIONThis is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their non-cancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization. Background Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in normal-appearing esophageal mucosae of ESCC patients and is considered to contribute to the formation of a field for cancerization. On the other hand, the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs or in their background esophageal mucosae is unknown. Method We collected 184 samples of esophageal mucosae (95 normal mucosae from healthy subjects, and 89 non-cancerous background mucosae from ESCC patients) and 93 samples of ESCCs. Methylation levels of repetitive elements (Alu, LINE1) and cancer/testis antigen genes ( NY - ESO - 1 , MAGE - C1 ) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR, respectively. Results Methylation levels of Alu, LINE1, NY - ESO - 1 , and MAGE - C1 were significantly lower in ESCCs than in their background and normal mucosae. Also, in the background mucosae, a significant decrease of the Alu methylation level compared with the normal mucosae was present. In ESCCs, methylation levels of the two repetitive elements and the two cancer/testis antigen genes were correlated with each other. Conclusion This is the first study to show the presence of global hypomethylation in ESCCs, and even in their non-cancerous background mucosae. Alu hypomethylation might reflect the severity of an epigenetic field for cancerization. |
Author | Kushima, Ryoji Suehiro, Shigefumi Niwa, Tohru Ushijima, Toshikazu Gyobu, Ken Igaki, Hiroyasu Lee, Yi-Chia Yoshida, Takeichi Matsuda, Yasunori Lee, Shigeru Wu, Ming-Shiang Osugi, Harushi Yamashita, Satoshi |
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BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22527164$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | Epigenetics Repetitive element Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Hypomethylation Cancer/testis antigen |
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Snippet | Background: Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs).Such hypermethylation is also present in... Background Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in... Aberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in... BACKGROUNDAberrant hypermethylation of specific genes is present in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Such hypermethylation is also present in... |
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SubjectTerms | Age Alcohols Alu Elements Antigens Antigens, Neoplasm - genetics Average age Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Biopsy Cancer Cancer Research Cancer therapies Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - pathology CpG Islands DNA Methylation Endoscopy Epidemiology Epigenetics Epigenomics Esophageal cancer Esophageal Neoplasms - genetics Esophageal Neoplasms - metabolism Female Genetic Predisposition to Disease Hematology Hospitals Humans Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements - genetics Male Medicine Methylation Middle Aged Mucous Membrane - metabolism Mucous Membrane - pathology Neoplasm Proteins - genetics Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins - genetics Oncology Original Paper P values Polymerase chain reaction Promoter Regions, Genetic Public Health Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid Squamous cell carcinoma Surgery Tumors |
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Title | Hypomethylation of Alu repetitive elements in esophageal mucosa, and its potential contribution to the epigenetic field for cancerization |
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