Temperature-adaptive radiative coating for all-season household thermal regulation
Passive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is only helpful for energy savings in the warmer months. Wang et al . and Tang et al . used the metal-insulator transition in tungsten-doped van...
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| Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 374; no. 6574; pp. 1504 - 1509 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
The American Association for the Advancement of Science
17.12.2021
AAAS |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0036-8075 1095-9203 1095-9203 |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.abf7136 |
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| Abstract | Passive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is only helpful for energy savings in the warmer months. Wang
et al
. and Tang
et al
. used the metal-insulator transition in tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide to create window glass and a rooftop coating that circumvents this problem by turning off the radiative cooling at lower temperatures. Because the transition is simply temperature dependent, this effect also happens passively. Model simulations suggest that these materials would lead to energy savings year-round across most of the climate zones in the United States. —BG
A smart radiative coating automatically switches thermal radiation power in response to ambient temperature.
The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations.The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. A passive turnoffPassive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is only helpful for energy savings in the warmer months. Wang et al. and Tang et al. used the metal-insulator transition in tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide to create window glass and a rooftop coating that circumvents this problem by turning off the radiative cooling at lower temperatures. Because the transition is simply temperature dependent, this effect also happens passively. Model simulations suggest that these materials would lead to energy savings year-round across most of the climate zones in the United States. —BGThe sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. In this work, we approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. Passive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is only helpful for energy savings in the warmer months. Wang et al . and Tang et al . used the metal-insulator transition in tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide to create window glass and a rooftop coating that circumvents this problem by turning off the radiative cooling at lower temperatures. Because the transition is simply temperature dependent, this effect also happens passively. Model simulations suggest that these materials would lead to energy savings year-round across most of the climate zones in the United States. —BG A smart radiative coating automatically switches thermal radiation power in response to ambient temperature. The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative cooling power of roof coating in the hot daytime using static, cooling-optimized material properties. However, the resultant overcooling in cold night or winter times exacerbates the heating cost, especially in climates where heating dominates energy consumption. We approached thermal regulation from an all-season perspective by developing a mechanically flexible coating that adapts its thermal emittance to different ambient temperatures. The fabricated temperature-adaptive radiative coating (TARC) optimally absorbs the solar energy and automatically switches thermal emittance from 0.20 for ambient temperatures lower than 15°C to 0.90 for temperatures above 30°C, driven by a photonically amplified metal-insulator transition. Simulations show that this system outperforms existing roof coatings for energy saving in most climates, especially those with substantial seasonal variations. |
| Author | Grigoropoulos, Costas P. Yao, Jie Rho, Yoonsoo Gordon, Madeleine P. Reichertz, Finnegan G. Javey, Ali Levinson, Ronnen Kim, Hyungjin Wang, Qingjun Li, Jiachen Urban, Jeffrey J. Lin, Chang-Yu Dong, Kaichen Tang, Kechao Wu, Junqiao |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kechao orcidid: 0000-0003-4570-0142 surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Kechao organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE), School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China – sequence: 2 givenname: Kaichen orcidid: 0000-0001-5334-4243 surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Kaichen organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Jiachen orcidid: 0000-0002-0368-3551 surname: Li fullname: Li, Jiachen organization: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Madeleine P. orcidid: 0000-0002-2818-7458 surname: Gordon fullname: Gordon, Madeleine P. organization: Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA., The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Finnegan G. orcidid: 0000-0002-5203-8698 surname: Reichertz fullname: Reichertz, Finnegan G. organization: East Bay Innovation Academy, 3800 Mountain Blvd., Oakland, CA 94619, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Hyungjin orcidid: 0000-0002-8868-4931 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hyungjin organization: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Yoonsoo orcidid: 0000-0003-2870-5064 surname: Rho fullname: Rho, Yoonsoo organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Qingjun orcidid: 0000-0001-8602-1213 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Qingjun organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Chang-Yu orcidid: 0000-0001-8427-6626 surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Chang-Yu organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Costas P. surname: Grigoropoulos fullname: Grigoropoulos, Costas P. organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Ali orcidid: 0000-0001-7214-7931 surname: Javey fullname: Javey, Ali organization: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Jeffrey J. orcidid: 0000-0003-4909-2869 surname: Urban fullname: Urban, Jeffrey J. organization: The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Jie orcidid: 0000-0003-0557-759X surname: Yao fullname: Yao, Jie organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Ronnen orcidid: 0000-0003-1463-1359 surname: Levinson fullname: Levinson, Ronnen organization: Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA – sequence: 15 givenname: Junqiao orcidid: 0000-0002-1498-0148 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Junqiao organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34914515$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1875448$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| Snippet | Passive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is... The sky is a natural heat sink that has been extensively used for passive radiative cooling of households. A lot of focus has been on maximizing the radiative... A passive turnoffPassive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this... |
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| SubjectTerms | Ambient temperature Atmospheric windows Climate Coatings Cooling Emittance Energy Energy conservation ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION Energy consumption Heat Heat sinks Heating Households Insulators Low temperature Material properties Metal-insulator transition Optimization Roofs Seasonal variations Solar energy Switches Temperature Temperature dependence Tungsten Vanadium Vanadium dioxide |
| Title | Temperature-adaptive radiative coating for all-season household thermal regulation |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34914515 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2638081257 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2611651541 https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1875448 |
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