Screening and Identifying Immune-Related Cells and Genes in the Tumor Microenvironment of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma: Based on TCGA Database and Bioinformatics
Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system and its treatment has scarcely progressed for nearly 30 years. Advances in checkpoint inhibitor research have seemingly provided a new approach for treatment. However, there have been issues predicting immunotherapeutic biomarkers and id...
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| Published in | Frontiers in oncology Vol. 9; p. 1533 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A
15.01.2020
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| Abstract | Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system and its treatment has scarcely progressed for nearly 30 years. Advances in checkpoint inhibitor research have seemingly provided a new approach for treatment. However, there have been issues predicting immunotherapeutic biomarkers and identifying new therapeutic targets. We downloaded the gene expression profile and clinical data of 408 cases bladder urinary cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal, and the abundance ratio of immune cells for each sample was obtained via the "Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)" algorithm. Then, four survival-related immune cells were obtained via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 933 immune-related genes were obtained via a variance analysis. Enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and co-expression analyses were performed for these genes. Lastly, 4 survival-related immune cells and 24 hub genes were identified, four of which were related to overall survival. More importantly, these immune cells and genes were closely related to the clinical features. These cells and genes may have research value and clinical application in bladder cancer immunotherapy. Our study not only provides cell and gene targets for bladder cancer immunotherapy, but also provides new ideas for researchers to explore the immunotherapy of various tumors. |
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| AbstractList | Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system and its treatment has scarcely progressed for nearly 30 years. Advances in checkpoint inhibitor research have seemingly provided a new approach for treatment. However, there have been issues predicting immunotherapeutic biomarkers and identifying new therapeutic targets. We downloaded the gene expression profile and clinical data of 408 cases bladder urinary cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal, and the abundance ratio of immune cells for each sample was obtained via the "Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)" algorithm. Then, four survival-related immune cells were obtained via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 933 immune-related genes were obtained via a variance analysis. Enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and co-expression analyses were performed for these genes. Lastly, 4 survival-related immune cells and 24 hub genes were identified, four of which were related to overall survival. More importantly, these immune cells and genes were closely related to the clinical features. These cells and genes may have research value and clinical application in bladder cancer immunotherapy. Our study not only provides cell and gene targets for bladder cancer immunotherapy, but also provides new ideas for researchers to explore the immunotherapy of various tumors.Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system and its treatment has scarcely progressed for nearly 30 years. Advances in checkpoint inhibitor research have seemingly provided a new approach for treatment. However, there have been issues predicting immunotherapeutic biomarkers and identifying new therapeutic targets. We downloaded the gene expression profile and clinical data of 408 cases bladder urinary cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal, and the abundance ratio of immune cells for each sample was obtained via the "Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)" algorithm. Then, four survival-related immune cells were obtained via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 933 immune-related genes were obtained via a variance analysis. Enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and co-expression analyses were performed for these genes. Lastly, 4 survival-related immune cells and 24 hub genes were identified, four of which were related to overall survival. More importantly, these immune cells and genes were closely related to the clinical features. These cells and genes may have research value and clinical application in bladder cancer immunotherapy. Our study not only provides cell and gene targets for bladder cancer immunotherapy, but also provides new ideas for researchers to explore the immunotherapy of various tumors. Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system and its treatment has scarcely progressed for nearly 30 years. Advances in checkpoint inhibitor research have seemingly provided a new approach for treatment. However, there have been issues predicting immunotherapeutic biomarkers and identifying new therapeutic targets. We downloaded the gene expression profile and clinical data of 408 cases bladder urinary cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal, and the abundance ratio of immune cells for each sample was obtained via the “Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)” algorithm. Then, four survival-related immune cells were obtained via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 933 immune-related genes were obtained via a variance analysis. Enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and co-expression analyses were performed for these genes. Lastly, 4 survival-related immune cells and 24 hub genes were identified, four of which were related to overall survival. More importantly, these immune cells and genes were closely related to the clinical features. These cells and genes may have research value and clinical application in bladder cancer immunotherapy. Our study not only provides cell and gene targets for bladder cancer immunotherapy, but also provides new ideas for researchers to explore the immunotherapy of various tumors. |
| Author | Yang, Xin Tian, Junqiang Wu, Hao Cao, Jinlong Dong, Zhichun Li, Jianpeng Li, Pan Yao, Zhiqiang |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial , Lanzhou , China 1 Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China 3 Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China – name: 1 Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China – name: 2 Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial , Lanzhou , China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jinlong surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Jinlong – sequence: 2 givenname: Xin surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xin – sequence: 3 givenname: Jianpeng surname: Li fullname: Li, Jianpeng – sequence: 4 givenname: Hao surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Hao – sequence: 5 givenname: Pan surname: Li fullname: Li, Pan – sequence: 6 givenname: Zhiqiang surname: Yao fullname: Yao, Zhiqiang – sequence: 7 givenname: Zhichun surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Zhichun – sequence: 8 givenname: Junqiang surname: Tian fullname: Tian, Junqiang |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32010623$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2020 Cao, Yang, Li, Wu, Li, Yao, Dong and Tian. Copyright © 2020 Cao, Yang, Li, Wu, Li, Yao, Dong and Tian. 2020 Cao, Yang, Li, Wu, Li, Yao, Dong and Tian |
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| Keywords | tumor microenvironment TCGA bioinformatics bladder urinary cancer immunotherapy |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2020 Cao, Yang, Li, Wu, Li, Yao, Dong and Tian. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Woonyoung Choi, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, United States Reviewed by: Rasha Abu Eid, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Daniele Baiz, University of Plymouth, United Kingdom This article was submitted to Genitourinary Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology |
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| SubjectTerms | bioinformatics bladder urinary cancer immunotherapy Oncology TCGA tumor microenvironment |
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| Title | Screening and Identifying Immune-Related Cells and Genes in the Tumor Microenvironment of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma: Based on TCGA Database and Bioinformatics |
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