Vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography of haloacetic acids on a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin
A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography,...
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Published in | Journal of Chromatography A Vol. 997; no. 1; pp. 133 - 138 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
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Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
16.05.2003
Elsevier |
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Abstract | A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography, is based on an ion-exclusion mechanism but using the sample solution as the mobile phase, pure water as the injected sample, and a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin column (TSKgel OApak-A) as the stationary phase. The addition of sulfuric acid to the mobile phase results in highly sensitive conductivity detection with sharp and well-shaped peaks, leading to excellent and efficient separations. The elution order was sulfuric acid, dichloroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and acetic acid. The separation of these acids depends on their p
K
a values. Acids with lower p
K
a values were eluted earlier than those with higher p
K
a, except for trichloroacetic acid due to a hydrophobic adsorption effect occurring as a side-effect of vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography. The detection limits of these acids in the present study with conductivity detection were 3.4 μ
M for monochloroacetic acid, 0.86 μ
M for dichloroacetic acid and 0.15 μ
M for trichloroacetic acid. |
---|---|
AbstractList | A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography, is based on an ion-exclusion mechanism but using the sample solution as the mobile phase, pure water as the injected sample, and a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin column (TSKgel OApak-A) as the stationary phase. The addition of sulfuric acid to the mobile phase results in highly sensitive conductivity detection with sharp and well-shaped peaks, leading to excellent and efficient separations. The elution order was sulfuric acid, dichloroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and acetic acid. The separation of these acids depends on their pKa values. Acids with lower pKa values were eluted earlier than those with higher pKa, except for trichloroacetic acid due to a hydrophobic-adsorption effect occurring as a side-effect of vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography. The detection limits of these acids in the present study with conductivity detection were 3.4 microM for monochloroacetic acid, 0.86 microM for dichloroacetic acid and 0.15 microM for trichloroacetic acid. A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography, is based on an ion-exclusion mechanism but using the sample solution as the mobile phase, pure water as the injected sample, and a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin column (TSKgel OApak-A) as the stationary phase. The addition of sulfuric acid to the mobile phase results in highly sensitive conductivity detection with sharp and well-shaped peaks, leading to excellent and efficient separations. The elution order was sulfuric acid, dichloroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and acetic acid. The separation of these acids depends on their p K a values. Acids with lower p K a values were eluted earlier than those with higher p K a, except for trichloroacetic acid due to a hydrophobic adsorption effect occurring as a side-effect of vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography. The detection limits of these acids in the present study with conductivity detection were 3.4 μ M for monochloroacetic acid, 0.86 μ M for dichloroacetic acid and 0.15 μ M for trichloroacetic acid. |
Author | Helaleh, Murad I.H. Hasebe, Kiyoshi Mori, Masanobu Haddad, Paul R. Tanaka, Kazuhiko Ding, Ming-Yu Xu, Qun Hu, Wenzhi Taoda, Hiroshi |
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Keywords | Vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography Organochlorine compounds Acetic acids Organic acids Trace analysis Drinking water treatment Chemical analysis Chlorination Cationic resin Phase composition Disinfection Mobile phase Gel permeation chromatography Ion chromatography Carboxylic acid Conductometry Chlorine Organic compounds By product Quantitative analysis |
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References | Sarzanini, Bruzzoniti, Metasti (BIB3) 1999; 850 Lakshmy, Raaidah, James (BIB7) 1994; 671 Rook (BIB2) 1974; 23 Lopez, Liu, Charan (BIB5) 1999; 82 Tanaka, Ding, Takahashi, Helaleh, Taoda, Hu, Hasebe, Haddad, Mori, Fritz, Sarzanini (BIB9) 2002; 474 Ko, Gremm, Braun, Frimmel, Chiang (BIB6) 2000; 366 Brashear, Bishop, Abbas (BIB1) 1997; 21 Tanaka, Ding, Helaleh, Taoda, Takahashi, Hu, Hasebe, Haddad, Fritz, Sarzanini (BIB8) 2002; 956 M.I.H. Helaleh, K. Tanaka, M. Mori, Q. Xu, H. Taoda, M.-Y. Ding, W. Hu, K. Hasebe, P.R. Haddad, J. Chromatogr. A (2003) in press. Tanaka, Haddad (BIB11) 2000 Sarrion, Santos, Galceran (BIB4) 1999; 859 Rook (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB2) 1974; 23 Ko (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB6) 2000; 366 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB10 Tanaka (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB11) 2000 Tanaka (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB8) 2002; 956 Lakshmy (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB7) 1994; 671 Tanaka (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB9) 2002; 474 Brashear (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB1) 1997; 21 Sarzanini (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB3) 1999; 850 Sarrion (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB4) 1999; 859 Lopez (10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB5) 1999; 82 |
References_xml | – volume: 23 start-page: 234 year: 1974 ident: BIB2 publication-title: Water Treat. Exam. contributor: fullname: Rook – volume: 859 start-page: 159 year: 1999 ident: BIB4 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A contributor: fullname: Galceran – volume: 366 start-page: 244 year: 2000 ident: BIB6 publication-title: Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. contributor: fullname: Chiang – volume: 21 start-page: 330 year: 1997 ident: BIB1 publication-title: J. Anal. Toxicol. contributor: fullname: Abbas – volume: 671 start-page: 309 year: 1994 ident: BIB7 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A contributor: fullname: James – volume: 474 start-page: 31 year: 2002 ident: BIB9 publication-title: Anal. Chim. Acta contributor: fullname: Sarzanini – volume: 850 start-page: 197 year: 1999 ident: BIB3 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A contributor: fullname: Metasti – volume: 956 start-page: 209 year: 2002 ident: BIB8 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A contributor: fullname: Sarzanini – year: 2000 ident: BIB11 publication-title: Encyclopedia of Separation Science, Liquid Chromatography/Ion Exclusion Chromatography contributor: fullname: Haddad – volume: 82 start-page: 689 year: 1999 ident: BIB5 publication-title: J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Int. contributor: fullname: Charan – volume: 82 start-page: 689 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB5 publication-title: J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Int. contributor: fullname: Lopez – volume: 859 start-page: 159 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB4 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00873-0 contributor: fullname: Sarrion – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB11 contributor: fullname: Tanaka – volume: 366 start-page: 244 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB6 publication-title: Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1007/s002160050048 contributor: fullname: Ko – ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB10 – volume: 850 start-page: 197 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB3 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00199-5 contributor: fullname: Sarzanini – volume: 474 start-page: 31 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB9 publication-title: Anal. Chim. Acta doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)01012-7 contributor: fullname: Tanaka – volume: 956 start-page: 209 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB8 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00393-X contributor: fullname: Tanaka – volume: 671 start-page: 309 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB7 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A doi: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)80255-6 contributor: fullname: Lakshmy – volume: 21 start-page: 330 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB1 publication-title: J. Anal. Toxicol. doi: 10.1093/jat/21.5.330 contributor: fullname: Brashear – volume: 23 start-page: 234 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6_BIB2 publication-title: Water Treat. Exam. contributor: fullname: Rook |
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Snippet | A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking... |
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SubjectTerms | Acetates - analysis Acetates - isolation & purification Acetic Acid Acetic acids Analytical chemistry Applied sciences Cation Exchange Resins Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Chromatography, Ion Exchange - methods Dichloroacetic Acid - analysis Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination Electric Conductivity Exact sciences and technology Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Organic acids Organochlorine compounds Other chromatographic methods Pollution Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity Solvents Sulfuric Acids Trichloroacetic Acid - analysis Water - analysis Water treatment and pollution |
Title | Vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography of haloacetic acids on a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin |
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