Multivariate analysis of Scotch whisky by total reflection x-ray fluorescence and chemometric methods: A potential tool in the identification of counterfeits

• Published in: Analytica chimica acta Vol. 976; pp. 14 - 24
• Main Authors: Shand, Charles A., Wendler, Renate, Dawson, Lorna, Yates, Kyari, Stephenson, Hayleigh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 11.07.2017; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Alcoholic Beverages - analysis; ashing; bromine; calcium; chemometrics; Congeners; Copper; Counterfeit; Counterfeiting; Data processing; detection limit; Discriminant Analysis; Evaporation; Fluorescence; Gas chromatography; Genetic transformation; Grain; Identification methods; Inductively coupled plasma; iron; Manganese; Multivariate Analysis; Oxygen; Plasma ashing; Plasma spectra; potassium; principal component analysis; Principal components analysis; Reflection; Scattering; Scotch whisky; Scotland; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Spectroscopy; sulfur; Trace elements; Trace Elements - analysis; volatile organic compounds; Whiskey; Whisky; X ray fluorescence analysis; X ray reflection; X-radiation; X-ray fluorescence; X-rays; Zinc; Scotland; Whisky; Trace elements; X-ray fluorescence; Counterfeit; Plasma ashing

Most methods used in the identification of counterfeit whisky have focused on the profiling of volatile organic congeners determined by gas chromatography. We tested the use of total reflection x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) for trace element analysis of whisky and application of the data as a potential...